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Learn about opposition to unions in early 20th century America, where employers exploited workers and influenced the government, leading to challenges for labor movements and pushing back progress.
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Employers • Wanted to work people as long as possible for as little as possible to make as much money as possible • “If you don’t come in Sunday, then don’t come in Monday.” • “I treat my workers as I treat my machines.” • “We’ll hire one-half of labor to kill the other half.” • “If you pay the working class too much they will just spend it on liquor and wild times.”
Employers… • Found it easy to influence the public and government • Hired lawyers to fight in courts • Contributed to politicians – “bought” Senators and Congressmen
Public • Very negative because of violence and strikes • Feared disorder and chaos • Felt it wasn’t right to “gang up” on the employers (i.e. Social Darwinism) • Angry when strikes caused shortages of goods
Immigrants & Unskilled Workers • Mistrusted unions • Unions were basically for skilled workers
Government • Government decisions dictated by economic interests • Sent in state militia and federal troops • stopped strikes • Issued injunctions • Sent labor leaders to prison • Debs during the Pullman strike
As a result… • Difficult for unions to be effective • Unions were losing members • In 1910, 8.3% of industrial workers belonged to unions • Also… • hurt themselves with continued prejudice against women & minorities