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Wednesday, April 14th

Wednesday, April 14th. Karl Marx. Marx: Key Concepts. Alienation Exploitation Means, Forces, Relations, and Modes of Production Class Consciousness False Consciousness Dialectic Historical Materialism. Development of Marx’s Thought: From Idealism to Historical Materialism.

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Wednesday, April 14th

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  1. Wednesday, April 14th Karl Marx

  2. Marx: Key Concepts • Alienation • Exploitation • Means, Forces, Relations, and Modes of Production • Class Consciousness • False Consciousness • Dialectic • Historical Materialism

  3. Development of Marx’s Thought: From Idealism to Historical Materialism “Causes” of historical change Idealism (Hegel): “Spirit” (God, Reason) makes history Materialism (Feuerbach): “Man” makes God and history Historical Materialism (Marx): “History” makes man, “labor” makes history Assumptions of Dialectical Theory Progress by resolution of “contradictions”: What is possible versus What is practiced. Resolution of contradictions by overcoming “alienation” (attribution of human capacities to “alien” - non-human - entities (God, nature)

  4. Development of Marx’s Thought: From Idealism to Historical Materialism (cont.) Historical Materialism • Human “being” : Labor = mental and physical activity • Human condition: • Scarcity and struggle for subsistence • Class rule and control of production • Freedom: “free labor” • Contradictions: Possibilities of production versus Realities of class rule

  5. Marx’s Materialist Conception of History: Descriptive • How is society structured? Ideology Society = Relations = Mode of Forces Production

  6. Marx’s Materialist Conception of History: Explanatory • How do societies change? • 2 conditions of change: • Objective and Subjective • Objective conditions: • Forces of production (change in material conditions) • Crisis (class contradictions) • Subjective conditions: • Crisis (class contradictions) • Revolutionary Consciousness (ideological changes) • Stability “Forces” Crisis Revolutionary Consciousness Revolution Stability

  7. Marx’s Materialist Conception of History: Practical • How can we emancipate ourselves? Social Structure Mode of production Material conditions Pre-class “Primitive” communism extreme scarcity Tribal Unequal scarcity Ancient Class Feudal Capitalist Early capitalism Unequal scarcity Late capitalism Artificial scarcity Post-class Communism Abundance

  8. Marx’s Materialist Conception of History: Practical • What is the obstacle to emancipation? Artificial scarcity created by the capitalist mode of production.

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