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Celluar Respiration

Celluar Respiration. Celluar respiration is the process by which cells acquire energy by breaking down nutrient molecules produced by photosynthesizers. The law of conservation of energy: energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another. Food

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Celluar Respiration

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  1. Celluar Respiration

  2. Celluar respiration is the process by which cells acquire energy by breaking down nutrient molecules produced by photosynthesizers.

  3. The law of conservation of energy: energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another.

  4. Food Nutrient molecules (such as Glucose) Energy ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

  5. Cellular respiration A cellular process that breaks down carbohydrates and other metabolites with the concomitant buildup of ATP C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+E (38ATP) • requires O2 (aerobic process) • step-by-step metabolism to extract energy from glucose

  6. ATP The common energy carrier of cells ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) ATP P (phosphoric acid) energy

  7. Cellular respiration

  8. Fermentation • An anaerobic process - occurs in the absence of O2

  9. Pyruvate is reduced into Animal cell: lactate Bacteria: an organic acid like lactate / EtOH + CO2 Yeasts: EtOH + CO2 2 ATPs

  10. Disadvantage of fermentation • End products: toxic to cells blood can’t remove all lactate → muscle fatigue O2 is needed to restore ATP levels and rid the body of lactate → oxygen debit • Efficiency: far less efficient than the complete breakdown of glucose 2 ATP / glucose = 14.6 kcal ~ 2.1% of cellular respiration (686 kcal)

  11. Advantage of fermentation • provides a quick burst of ATP energy for muscular activity • Helps produce numerous food products • Yeast Fermentation rises the dough rises → bread produces EtOH→ wine and beer convert alcohol to acetic acid→ vinegar • Bacterial Fermentation produces yogurt, sour cream, and cheese / pickled vegetables • Yeast and fermenting bacteria added to soy beans and wheat → soy sauce

  12. Experiments Respirometer Practice Page 80-81 Yeast Fermentation Page 82

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