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Understanding Newborn Nutrition: The Science of Lactation and Breast Milk Production

Lactation is a vital process that occurs in the mammary glands, where milk production for newborns begins during pregnancy as progesterone and estrogen prepare the glands. Initially, these glands produce a nutrient-rich fluid containing proteins and lactose. Prolactin stimulates the production of necessary enzymes for milk synthesis, while oxytocin, released during suckling, enhances milk supply and helps the uterus return to its pre-pregnancy size. Human breast milk is uniquely designed to boost the infant's immunity and support healthy gut bacteria.

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Understanding Newborn Nutrition: The Science of Lactation and Breast Milk Production

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  1. Nourishing the Newborn • Lactation/milk production-occurs in mammary glands inside breasts. • During pregnancy-progesterone and estrogen-develop the glands for milk production. • Mammary glands 1st produce fluid rich in proteins and lactose. • Prolactincalls for synthesis of enzymes used in the production of milk. • Oxytoxin released in response to suckling-increases the milk supply; induce the uterus to shrink back to its pre-pregnancy size. • Human breast milk – high in Ig that enhance resistance to infection; promotes growth of symbiotic bacteria in the infant’s gut.

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