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Fermentation

Fermentation. Step 1: Glycolysis. Mitochondrion. Glucose C 6 H 12 O 6. Where? In cytoplasm What happens? A) Glucose (from our food) is broken down into 2 pyruvate (2 - 3 carbon molecules) B) 2 ATP molecules released for cellular processes. C. C. ATP. ATP. C. C. En- zyme. C. C.

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Fermentation

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  1. Fermentation

  2. Step 1: Glycolysis Mitochondrion Glucose C6H12O6 • Where? In cytoplasm • What happens? A) Glucose (from our food) is broken down into 2 pyruvate (2 - 3 carbon molecules) B) 2 ATP molecules released for cellular processes C C ATP ATP C C En-zyme C C

  3. What’s after Glycolysis? glycolysis • Glycolysis • Creates: 2 ATP & 2 Pyruvate (2 - 3 carbon molecules) • Leads to either: • Aerobic Respiration • With oxygen present • Kreb’s Cycle • Electron transport chain • Anaerobic Respiration • Without oxygen • Fermentation • Allows glycolysis to restart ATP fermentation No O2 O2 ATP

  4. Step 2: Fermentation During prolonged exercise, the oxygen you inhale mainly goes to your brain. Your muscles are now lacking oxygen. Yeast perform alcoholic fermentation to make bread. Why isn’t bread alcoholic? • How to relieve sore muscles: • Massage • Bananas • Stretch after • Hydrate • Two Types of Fermentation (both anaerobic): A) Lactic Acid fermentation • Performed by animals when muscle cells are not receiving O2 • Lactic acid waste created B) Alcoholic fermentation • Performed by yeast, some plants, bacteria • Alcohol and CO2 waste created Alcohol evaporates in the baking process Muscle cells perform fermentation to keep you going!

  5. Lactic Acid vs. Alcoholic Fermentation Lactic Acid Alcoholic Location: Cytoplasm Amount of ATP created: Zero The Point? Make molecules to restart glycolysis Waste: Alcohol and CO2 glycolysis glycolysis • Location: Cytoplasm • Amount of ATP created: Zero • The Point? Make molecules to restart glycolysis • Waste: Lactic acid Lactic acid Alcohol + CO2 Lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation

  6. Aerobic Respiration Where? In the mitochondria Steps?Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain What happens?2 Pyruvate (2 - 3 carbon molecules) create up to 36 ATPs With oxygen present • Glycolysis • Where? In the cytoplasm • What happens? • Glucose is split into 2 Pyruvate (2 - 3 carbon molecules) • 2 ATP created If oxygen is lacking • Fermentation • Where? In the cytoplasm • What happens? • Pyruvate (2 - 3 carbon molecules) are broken into either lactic acid or alcohol • Molecules to restart glycolysis created (No ATP) Glycolysis restarts

  7. Public Service Announcement: Proper Use of Alcohol

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  9. Review • Name the two types of fermentation. • How much ATP does glycolysis create? • How much ATP does fermentation create? • Which molecule is broken down during glycolysis? • A buildup of which molecule causes sore muscles? • Which waste molecules are created by alcoholic fermentation? • Which waste molecules are created by lactic acid fermentation? • Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic? What does this mean? • Why is aerobic (cellular) respiration preferred vs. fermentation?

  10. Review Answers • Name the two types of fermentation. • Lactic Acid and Alcoholic • How much ATP does glycolysis create? • 2 ATP • How much ATP does fermentation create? • ZERO ATP • Which molecule is broken down during glycolysis? • Glucose • A buildup of which molecule causes sore muscles? • Lactic Acid • Which waste molecules are created by alcoholic fermentation? • Alcohol and CO2 • Which waste molecules are created by lactic acid fermentation? • Lactic Acid • Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic? What does this mean? • Anaerobic, which means the process does NOT require oxygen • Why is aerobic (cellular) respiration preferred vs. fermentation? • Aerobic (cellular) respiration creates more ATP; specifically up to 36 ATP, while fermentation does not create any ATP, but allows glycolysis to continue.

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