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Exploring the Microscopic World of Bacteria: Functions, Shapes, and Impact

Delve into the fascinating realms of Kingdom Archaebacteria and Kingdom Bacteria, exploring their characteristics, shapes, and roles in nature. Discover the ancient origins, reproduction methods, and beneficial and harmful aspects of bacteria. Learn how bacteria contribute to food production, animal digestion, plant growth, industrial processes, and genetic engineering, while also being aware of disease-causing examples like MRSA and E. coli. Understand methods for controlling and combating bacteria, such as disinfectants, sterilization, and antibiotics. Uncover the intricate relationship between bacteria and various environments, both helpful and harmful, in this comprehensive exploration.

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Exploring the Microscopic World of Bacteria: Functions, Shapes, and Impact

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  1. Bacteria

  2. 2 Kingdoms of Bacteria Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Bacteria True Bacteria Single Celled No Nucleus or Organelle DNA- 1 Strand -turns on and off Microscopic • Ancient Bacteria • Oldest living cells on Earth • Can’t survive in oxygen • Extreme Environments- Volcanoes, Hot Springs, Salt-Water

  3. Parts of a Bacteria Cell • Flagella- tail like structure used for movement. • Chromosomes & DNA- stores hereditary information. • Cell Wall- protection

  4. Shapes of Bacteria • Cocci- round • Bacilli- oval shaped • Spirilla- long and skinny

  5. Combinations of Shapes 1. Strepto- Chains 2. Staph- Clusters

  6. Bacteria Cell Reproduction • Binary Fission- division of bacteria by splitting into 2 identical cells from 1 parent cell. • Asexual Reproduction

  7. Helpful Bacteria • Food- develops acids to turn into different tastes and smells. - Ex. Cheese, Sauerkraut, Vinegar, Yogurt *Pasteurization- Louis Pasteur, heating to high temps and cooling slowing bacteria growth. 2. Aids Animal Digestion (Symbiosis) • Bacteria gets food and shelter • Helps animals break down plant sugars

  8. Helpful Bacteria Continued 3. Enhances Plant Growth- takes nitrogen from the air and brings it into the soil. 4. Industry - Alcohol- Fermentation Process (acetone) - Oil Eating- Used to clean oil spills. 5. Genetic Engineering - Insulin

  9. Harmful Bacteria • Disease Causing Examples -MRSA -Meningitis -Infections - Tuberculosis - Bubonic Plague - Salmonella - E. coli 

  10. 2. Causes Food Spoilage Controlling Bacteria Killing Bacteria 1. Disinfectant- chemicals 2. Fire 3. Sterilization- Boiling water 4. Antibodies • Cold Temperatures- Refrigerator/ Freezer • Salt- removes moisture • Petri Dish

  11. Antibiotic Resistance • Antibiotic- chemicals used to kill microorganisms. • Examples - Penicillin • Streptomycin • Augmentin • Ampicillin • Bacitracin • Antibiotic Resistance- ability of a bacteria to tolerate antibiotics.

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