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Foot Anatomy

Foot Anatomy. Bone Anatomy. Tarsal Bones Calcaneus Cuboid Navicular 3 Cuneiforms 5 metatarsals 14 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal) Exception. Mnemonic for Learning Tarsal Bones:. T iger C ubs N eed M I L C. N avicular A boat It sails on the Cs. T alus. M edial

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Foot Anatomy

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  1. Foot Anatomy

  2. Bone Anatomy • Tarsal Bones • Calcaneus • Cuboid • Navicular • 3 Cuneiforms • 5 metatarsals • 14 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal) • Exception

  3. Mnemonic for Learning Tarsal Bones: Tiger Cubs Need M I L C Navicular A boat It sails on the Cs Talus Medial cuneiform (1) Intermediate cuneiform (2) Lateral cuneiform (3) Calcaneus Cuboid Click R Button for Slideshow

  4. Division of the Foot • Rearfoot • Midfoot • Forefoot

  5. Hindfoot (Rearfoot) • Subtalor Joint • Talus and calcaneus articulation • Calcaneus • Inferior Talus

  6. Midfoot • Composed of • Navicular • 3 cuneiforms • cuboid

  7. Forefoot • 5 MT’s • Proximally 1-3 articulate with cuneiforms • Proximally 4-5 articulate with cuboid • Bases articulate with: • Phalanges

  8. Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Subtalor Joint • Three facets • Motions of the Subtalor Joint • Inversion • Eversion

  9. Hindfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Subtalor Joint • Ligamentous Support Medial Deltoid Ligament Lateral ATF CF PTF • Intra-articular Ligaments • Interosseous Talocalcaneal • Medial Talocalcaneal • Lateral Talocalcaneal

  10. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Six Joints • Talocalcaneonavicular • Calcaneocuboid • Cuboideonavicular • Intercuneiform • Cuneocuboid • Cuneonavicular

  11. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Ligamentous Support • Talocalcaneonavicular Joint • Plantar Calcaneonavicular (Spring Ligament) • Talonavicular • Bifurcate • Calcaneonavicular • Calcaneocuboid • Calcaneocuboid Joint • Bifurcate Ligament • Calcaneocuboid portion • Plantar Calcaneocuboid • Long Plantar Ligament

  12. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Ligamentous Support • Talocalcaneonacicular Joint • Plantar Calcaneonavicular (Spring Ligament) • Talonavicular • Bifurcate • Calcaneonavicular • Calcaneocuboid • Calcaneocuboid Joint • Bifurcate Ligament • Calcaneocuboid portion • Plantar Calcaneocuboid • Long Plantar Ligament

  13. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Ligamentous Support • Intercuneiform Joints • Dorsal and Plantar Intercuneifrom Ligaments • Cuneocuboid • Plantar and Dorsal Cuneocuboid Ligaments • Cuneonavicular Joints • Plantar and Dorsal Cuneonavicular Ligaments

  14. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Ligamentous Support • Intercuneiform Joints • Dorsal and Plantar Intercuneifrom Ligaments • Cuneocuboid • Plantar and Dorsal Cuneocuboid Ligaments • Cuneonavicular Joints • Plantar and Dorsal Cuneonavicular Ligaments

  15. Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Tarsometatarsal Joint (Lisfranc’s Joint) • Intermetatarsal Joint • Metatarsalphalangeal Joint (MTP) • Interphalangeal Joint • PIP • DIP

  16. Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support • Ligamentous Support • Intermetatarsal Joint • Plantar Metatarsal Lig • Dorsal Metatarsal Lig • MTP Joints • Plantar Fascia • Plantar Ligament • MCL and LCL • Interphalangeal Joints • Plantar and dorsal joint capsule • MCL and LCL

  17. Arches • Ligaments in foot & ankle maintain arches • Two longitudinal arches • Medial longitudinal arch - extends from calcaneus bone to talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, and proximal ends of 3 medial metatarsals • Lateral longitudinal arch - extends from calcaneus to cuboid and proximal ends of 4th & 5th metatarsals • Transverse arch • extends across foot from 1st metatarsal to the 5th metatarsal

  18. Arches of the Foot • Medial Longitudinal Arch • Calcaneus • Talus • Navicular • 1-3 cuneiforms • 1-3 MT’s

  19. Arches of the Foot • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued • Ligament Support • Plantar Calcaneonavicular • Long Plantar Lig • Deltoid • Plantar fascia

  20. Arches of the Foot • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued • Ligament Support • Plantar Calcaneonavicular • Long Plantar Lig • Deltoid • Plantar fascia

  21. Arches of the Foot • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued • Ligament Support • Plantar Calcaneonavicular • Long Plantar Lig • Deltoid • Plantar fascia

  22. Arches of the Foot • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued • Ligament Support • Plantar Calcaneonavicular • Long Plantar Lig • Deltoid • Plantar fascia

  23. Arches of the Foot • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued • Muscular Support • Intrinsic • Abductor Hallucis • Flexor Hallucis Brevis • Extrinsic • Tibialis Posterior • Flexor Hallucis Longus • Flexor Digitorum Longus

  24. Arches of the Foot • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued • Muscular Support • Intrinsic • Abductor Hallucis • Flexor Hallucis Brevis • Extrinsic • Tibialis Posterior • Flexor Hallucis Longus • Flexor Digitorum Longus

  25. Arches of the Foot • Lateral Longitudinal Arch • Composed of • Calcaneus • Cuboid • 4-5th MT’s • Ligament Support • Long & Short Plantar • Plantar Fascia

  26. Arches of the Foot • Lateral Longitudinal Arch continued • Muscle Support • Intrinsic • Abductor Digiti Minimi • Flexor Digitorum Brevis • Extrinisic • Peroneus Longus, Brevis & Tertius

  27. Arches of the Foot • Transverse Arch • Formed By: • Ligament Support • Intermetatarsal Ligaments • Plantar Fascia • Muscle Support • All intrinsic muscles • Extrinisic • Tibialis Posterior • Tibialis Anterior • Peroneus Longus

  28. Plantar Fascia Once the skin of the sole of the foot has been removed, there is a very dense organized layer of deep fascia that runs down the middle of the sole; this is the plantar aponeurosis. The plantar aponeurosis is thought to help maintain the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

  29. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface • Superficial Layer • Abductor Hallucis • Abductor Digiti Minimi • Flexor Digitorum Brevis

  30. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface • Middle Layer • Quadratus Plantae • Lumbricales

  31. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface • Deep Layer • Flexor Hallucis Brevis • Adductor Hallucis • Transverse and Oblique Heads • Flexor Digiti Minimi

  32. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface • Interosseus Layer • Plantar Interossei • Dorsal Interossei

  33. Foot Muscles – Dorsal Surface • Extensor Digitorum Brevis • Extensor Hallucis Brevis

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