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Prospect Pig Selection & Health Management

Prospect Pig Selection & Health Management. By: Alyssa Signorelli. Part 1 Prospect Pig Selection. Important Information. Weigh day at the fair is: MONDAY, JULY 8 th

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Prospect Pig Selection & Health Management

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  1. Prospect Pig Selection & Health Management By: Alyssa Signorelli

  2. Part 1 Prospect Pig Selection

  3. Important Information • Weigh day at the fair is: MONDAY, JULY 8th • Minimum weight is 225lbs. & Maximum weight is 270lbs. If your pig is below the minimum weight or above the maximum weight, it must leave the fairgrounds by 6pm on July 8th. • Market Breed Divisions : Duroc, Hampshire, Yorkshire, Crossbred, and All Other Breeds (AOB) • Only market acceptable U.S. No 1 & 2 hogs (as deemed by the judge) will go through the auction

  4. Pig Body Parts

  5. Characteristics to Look For Level – A smooth transition from head/shoulders to back to tail Base width & Length of Body (More consumable product) Muscle & Rib shape Tall fronted Square – Feet should be placed directly under all four legs when at a natural stance Good feet & Legs Bone & Foot size (Bone = Muscle) Youthful appearing (no old faces) Image: National Swine Registry

  6. Sifting Characteristics Uneven toes Straight “posty” legs (no angularity to legs) & puffy joints Not enough flex in pasterns Sick or injured Too light or too heavy in weight (~75lbs in mid-Mar.) Narrow base width Fine boned Show signs of stress syndrome Too tall or too short in height (check cannon bones) Images: porkgateway.org

  7. Straight “posty” legs Puffy Joints Images: Tennessee Extension Agency Image: texasyouthlivestock.com

  8. Straight “posty” legs, uneven topline, steep tail set, and shallow bodied More level topped & deeper bodied. Front legs have good curvature. However, back legs are too straight & has a steep tail set Images: Idaho Extension Agency

  9. Muscle expression over topline and through forearm & hams, & more shape to rib Narrow with hardly any muscle expression Images: Idaho Extension Agency

  10. Wide from top to bottom, but soundness is questionable Decently muscled gilt, but is base narrow Wide & level in all areas Image: Tennessee Extension Agency Image: texasyouthlivestock.com Image: Idaho Extension Agency

  11. Muscle Indicators: Side View 1. Turn to Ham 2. Fullness of Loin 3. Width of Forearm 4. Muscle Expression Through Blade and Top 5. Bone Size 6. Depth and Spring of Rib Muscle Indicators: Rear/Top View 1. Width Behind Shoulder 2. Width and Fullness of Loin 3. Width of Hip 4. Width from Stifle to Stifle 5. Base Width *images & text from texasyouthlivestock.com

  12. Questions??

  13. Part 2 Pig Health Management

  14. Before Bringing Pig Home • Order Food or make sure fresh delivery will be in stock– Pig starter/grower ~18% protein ***Have it at home BEFORE pig gets there*** • Have a thermometer specifically for livestock • Disinfect last year’s supplies with a livestock disinfectant (Nolvasan) or bleach (1/4 cup bleach to 1 gal. of COOL water) **under adult supervision • Have bedding & heat lamp ready to go Pigs prefer environmental temperatures between 67-77º • Be prepared to keep away from other pigs for 30 days (quarantine)

  15. After Pig Arrives • Make sure they know where their food & water is • Watch & check on them at least 3 times a day • Be slow & quiet • Leave them be for first two weeks or so. Minimize stress as they get used to their new environment. • Check pen for physical signs of illness (vomit, diarrhea, etc.) • Watch & listen to the pig • Does it Have: • Persistent Cough • Wheezing • Rumbled breathing • Runny nose • Injuries • Diarrhea or hard stool • Temperature (101.6-104º avg. rectal temp.) • Also: • Make sure pig is urinating & defecating on a regular basis • Know its feeding habits (when it eats & drinks, how long, & how much) • Is it up & moving around or is it lethargic?

  16. What to Know About Diarrhea • Animals will get loose stool or diarrhea when under stress (shipping, new home, etc.) • Animals will get loose stool or diarrhea when switching over to new feeds • Animals can get loose stool or diarrhea when on a “hot” or high protein feed • Consistency – Normal feces are a dark brown/black color with a soft, clay-like consistency. • If animal has loose stool, provide fiber. A few handfuls of a good quality hay can help. • Livestock electrolytes will also help keep animal hydrated. (Hand water in a bucket to manufacturer instructions) • If animal has serious diarrhea for more than a couple days, call a vet as there may be more serious issues going on.

  17. Medications Most medications require a vet prescription and are no longer available over the counter. • So, know ALL of your pig’s symptoms & the duration they have had them so a vet can accurately prescribe medications.

  18. Medication – General Info • Know dosage rate per pound • Know frequency of administrations • Withdrawal period prior to slaughter • Know if it’s to be given sub-q or IM • Know proper needle gauge for viscosity of medication (thicker meds require thicker needle diameter) • Know max dosage per day Also: • Do NOT use the same needle continuously • Do NOT use bent needles • Clean area of animal where shot is to be given • Does animal need to be restrained (hog snare)? • Write down important info (drug name, dosage, time & dates given) WHY??

  19. Reading Drug Labels Images: Univ. of Idaho Extension

  20. Hog Snare – helpful tool for restraining pigs! Intramuscular (IM) Given in neck with syringe placed 90º from body Subcutaneous (SQ or sub-q) Given below the skin but above the muscle behind the ear Images: oakwoodvets.co.uk

  21. IM Injection Area Image: oakwoodvets.co.uk

  22. Needle Guide Source: NPPC Pork Quality Assurance Guidelines *The smaller the needle gauge, the larger the needle circumference

  23. Worming Worming Schedule should be every 4-5 weeks Granules Injectable Sub-q injection Treats many of the same worms as granules AND mites, lice Withdrawal/Residue period is 18 days (Noromectin brand) • Hand fed • Treats: lung-worms, gastrointestinal worms, large roundworms, nodular worms, small stomach worms, whip-worms, and kidney worms. • No withdrawal period (Safe-guard brand)

  24. Questions??

  25. Resource Links • Tennesee Extension Swine Judging: https://extension.tennessee.edu/henderson/Documents/%2713%20Livestock%20Judg%20Guide%20Module%205%20Swine%20(1).pdf • Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Livestock Judging: https://texasyouthlivestock.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/FinishedExploreBook.pdf • Idaho Extension Agency Livestock Judging: http://www.extension.uidaho.edu/publishing/pdf/PNW/PNW677.pdf • University of Idaho Medication Label Activity: https://www.uidaho.edu/-/media/UIdaho-Responsive/Files/Extension/4-H/Animal-Science-Lesson-Plans/Health-Diseases-Medication-Labels-L1-ALL-AWilfong.pdf?la=en&hash=296C5656112AA1756CF5A5E127E4F4DD99C5C0A2 • USDA Pork Carcass Grades: https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/pork-carcass-grades-and-standards

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