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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Briana Payan Period 3. What Is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?. Obsession: Are persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate that cause marked anxiety or distress

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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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  1. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Briana Payan Period 3

  2. What Is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? • Obsession: Are persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate that cause marked anxiety or distress • Compulsive: Are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that have an inability to express positive emotions. • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An anxiety in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something.

  3. Associated Features • Common behavior is repetition of a specific behavior. • Washing and cleaning • Counting • Putting items in order • Checking or requesting assurance • Mental rituals that include counting up to the number 15 when an unwanted thought comes up. • There are four different dimensions that are associated with OCD. • Obsession with checking compulsions • Things to symmetrical and be in order • Obsession with cleanliness and washing • Hoarding behavior

  4. Associated Features Cont. • DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria for 300.3 A. Either obsessions or compulsions: • Recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive and inappropriate and that cause marked anxiety or distress. • The thoughts, impulses, or images are not simply excessive worries about real-lifetime problems • The person attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts, impulses, or images, or to neutralize them with some other thought or action • The person recognizes that the obsessional thoughts, impulses, or images are a product of his or her own mind (not imposed from without as in thought insertion) • Compulsions as defined by 1 and 2 • Repetitive behaviors( e.g., hand washing, ordering, checking) or mental acts (e.g., praying, counting, repeating words silently) that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession, or according to rules that must be applied rigidly • The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing some dreaded event or situation; however, these behaviors or mental acts either are not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are clearly excessive.

  5. DSM-IV-TR • The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing some dreaded event or situation; however, these behaviors or mental acts either are not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are clearly excessive. • The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing some dreaded event or situation; however, these behaviors or mental acts either are not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are clearly excessive. • If another axis I disorder is present, the content of the obsessions or compulsions is not restricted to it (e.g., preoccupation with drugs in the presence of a substance abuse disorder). • The disturbance is not due to the direct physiologic effects of a substance (e.g., drug abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition.

  6. Etiology • There is not a exact cause for having Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) • Doctors believe chemical imbalances might have to do with the disorder • It is possible that the disorder is genetic • Other might develop OCD because of stress, abused as a child that lead into adulthood, and life changing experience. • OCD also has ties with mood disorders anxiety disorders, depression, and bipolar disorder.

  7. Prevalence • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder has a lifetime rate of 2% • About ⅓ of people with OCD also have obsessive-compulsive personality disorder • Males tend to develop OCD between the ages of 6 and 15 • Females tend to develop OCD between the ages of 20 and 29

  8. Treatment • Psychological Treatment • Re-label: Retrain yourself • Reattribute: Realize that the intensity and intrusiveness of the thought are the result • Refocus: Change your mind from the thoughts, distract yourself to keep your mind off your disorder • Revalue: Tell yourself its just your obsessive-compulsive disorder • Group Therapy/ Family Therapy • Medication • Fluoxetine (Prozac) • Sertraline (zoloft)

  9. Prognosis • The outcome of OCD are: • Last a lifetime, but with time it can be controlled. • Advances in therapy and medicines. • Behavior therapy alters brain metabolism, it is expected to reduce OCD by 50-80% • If under a lot of stress, OCD tends to worsen.

  10. Examples of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

  11. Discussion Questions • Do you think Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder involve other psychological perspectives?

  12. References • Halgin,R.P. & Whitbourne, S.K.(2005). Abnormal psychology: Clinical perspectives on psychological disorders.New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. • Myers, D.G.(2011). Myers’ psychology for ap. New York, NY: Worth Publishers • Relayhealth.(October 2010).Obessive-compulsive disorder (ocd). http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hxh&AN=36255505&site=src-live

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