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Understanding the Water Cycle and Human Impact on Water Availability

Water is vital for life on Earth, supporting ecosystems and human existence. The water cycle involves the continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. Human activities, such as pollution and over-extraction of groundwater, have significantly disrupted this natural cycle. Only 3% of Earth's water is freshwater, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices to preserve this vital resource. By understanding the zones of groundwater and the consequences of human actions, we can work towards a healthier ecosystem and ensure water availability for all.

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Understanding the Water Cycle and Human Impact on Water Availability

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  1. Writing Prompt • Water is essential for life!! Describe the water cycle and how human beings have affected it. At LEAST 5 complete sentences!!!!!

  2. WATER CYCLE

  3. From yesterday….. • Why is the availability of water important to an ecosystem? • Plants need water to live & grow • Animals need water to live • Is water a biotic or abiotic factor?

  4. Information with Numbers • What % of the Earth is covered with water? 71% • How much of the water is freshwater? 3% This includes water stored as ‘ice’…… So there is actually very little usable freshwater

  5. Water falls to Earth…….. -some soaks into the ground becoming GROUNDWATER!!

  6. Groundwater Vocabulary • Permeable-allows water to pass through • Impermeable- does not allow water to pass • Zone of aeration- unsaturated • Zone of saturation – water filled all pores • Water table – top of zone of saturation • Aquifers- groundwater stored in underground layers

  7. Groundwater Zones Draw and label • Zone of aeration • Zone of saturation • Water table • Lake • Well • trees

  8. Groundwater Zones

  9. Aquifers Water that flows through the underground rock, or stored in underground layers.

  10. Warm-Up • 1) Explain the difference between the permeable & impermeable rock layers discussed yesterday. • 2) Compare and Contrast the Zone of Aeration and the Zone of Saturation.

  11. Water falls to Earth…….. -gravity causes some to flow downhill as SURFACE WATER!!!! -this is called runoff

  12. SURFACE WATER • Water that has NOT soaked into the ground • As it moves downhill, • Forms water in streams & rivers

  13. Drainage Basin- area that is drained by a river & all the streams that empty into it • Also called a watershed • Can be identified by studying a map showing rivers & tributaries

  14. Surface-water-Runoff and Drainage • Drainage Basin ( Watershed) - area drained by the rivers and all the streams that empty into it • Divide – high ground between two drainage basins

  15. SC River Map • Color & Label the 4 major Drainage Basins in the state of South Carolina. • PeeDee - Green • Santee - Red • ACE - Blue • Savannah – Yellow • List the rivers located in each Drainage Basin.

  16. 4 Major SC Drainage Basins

  17. DAM • Divide- high ground between 2 drainage basins • Man-made divides with 2 purposes • Recreation and Power

  18. Importance (Ecosystem) • Oceans/Rivers/Streams/Creeks (food?) • Erosion – wearing away of sediments or rocks • Flowing water removes, carries, and deposits sediments. • Meander – bending and winding of a river or stream • Deltas: Santee Delta & Mississippi Delta • Where a river ends its journey & empties into a lake or ocean

  19. Importance (Human Activities) • Human beings are dependent upon water for survival. • Produce Hydroelectric power • Offer Recreation • Contains sources of food

  20. Classwork- 10/10/12 • Divide your paper into 3 columns • Label the columns.. • Groundwater • Surface Water • Importance of Water • Cut out each of the squares from the worksheet & place each one under the correct heading • Show me your work & then glue the squares down once I have checked your arrangement

  21. On your index card……. • Draw & Label a diagram of the groundwater zones. • Be sure to include ALL of the following • Lake • Well • Zone of aeration • Zone of saturation • Water table • Impermeable rock layer • Aquifer

  22. HOMEWORK! • READ p. 459-460 in your book –and- • Explain, in complete sentences, 6 ways in which surface water, ocean water, & groundwater can become polluted and what each of these ways means for the ecosystem.

  23. Warm-Up • Compare groundwater to surface water.

  24. Summarize how the location and movement of water on Earth’s surface are important.

  25. True or False • Human beings are dependent upon water for survival. • Hydroelectric plants are located near rivers. • Behind dams, people are not allowed to have recreation. • Earth is 71% water with 3% freshwater. • “ Usable “ freshwater includes ice.

  26. Exemplify ways that humans use water.

  27. Create a diagram of groundwater zones and place your home in a location. Explain the placement of your home.

  28. Groundwater Zones and Layers

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