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Understanding the Peripheral Nervous System: Divisions and Functions

Learn about the two divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System, the anatomy of nerve cells, nerve impulses, reflex actions, cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic nervous system vocab, and common disorders related to the nervous system.

lawrence-emerson
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Understanding the Peripheral Nervous System: Divisions and Functions

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  1. Related Anatomy UNIT 7 Peripheral NERVOUS SYSTEM

  2. CENTRAL brain and spinal cord PERIPHERAL all nerves outside brain and spinal cord 2 branches Somatic- nerves that serve skeletal system and sense organs Autonomic- serve smooth muscles and heart 1. Name the 2 DIVISIONS of the Peripheral Nervous System

  3. The 3 parts of a neuron • Dendrite- conduct impulse toward cell body • Axon- conduct impulse away from cell body • Cell body motor sensory

  4. More on Nerve cells • PNS axons and dendrites may be coated with a MYELIN Sheath(this speeds conduction)(White matter) • Gaps between axons and dendrites are called Synapses

  5. NERVE IMPULSE 1 • Sodium and Potassium Pump • POLARIZE DEPOLARIZE REPOLARIZE • Note where charges are and where Sodium and Potassium are in relation to nerve cell 2 3 4

  6. Nerve Impulse 1 3 2

  7. REFLEX • An automatic, involuntary response • Examples, heartbeat, breath, swallow, sneeze, vomit

  8. 2. 12 Pair of Cranial Nerves V Trigeminal- teeth V!! Facial- face IX Glossopharyngeal- swallow XII Hypoglossal- tongue

  9. Cervical Plexus- head, neck, shoulders, upper chest Brachial- shoulder, arm, hand Lumbar- lower abdominal, thigh, buttock, genitals Sacral- thigh, leg, foot 3. 31 Pr of Spinal Nerves

  10. SOMATIC Voluntary nerves that serve muscle and bone AUTONOMIC Involuntary nerves that serve internal organs 2 branches Sympathetic-emergency fight or flight Parasympathetic- normal at rest 4. 2 Divisions of the ANS

  11. Vocab • Efferent- motor • Afferent- sensory • Myelin sheath- coating on PNS nerves,born with none, form as we develop, must have to toilet train. Common disorder- MS • Synapse- gap where axons and dendrites meet but do not touch. Impulse may need neurotransmitter to cross this space. Common diseases- Parkinsons, Huntington, Alzheimers • Ganglia- mass of nerve cells outside CNS

  12. Vocab Continued • White Matter- covered in Myelin • Grey Matter- no Myelin • Meninges- protective covering of brain and spinal cord. Disease- Meningitis • CSF- cerebrospinal fluid, clear • CNS- central nervous system • PNS- peripheral nervous system • ANS- autonomic nervous system

  13. The End

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