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Chapter Nine

Chapter Nine. NetWare-Based Networking. Objectives. Identify the advantages of using the NetWare network operating system Describe NetWare’s server hardware requirements Describe Netware’s memory, directory structure, and file system architectures

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Chapter Nine

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  1. Chapter Nine NetWare-Based Networking

  2. Objectives • Identify the advantages of using the NetWare network operating system • Describe NetWare’s server hardware requirements • Describe Netware’s memory, directory structure, and file system architectures • Plan for and perform a simple NetWare server installation • Explain how NetWare integrates with other networking operating systems

  3. Introduction to NetWare • In 1983, Novell introduced its NetWare network operating system • Versions 3.1 and 3.11—collectively known as NetWare 3.x—were introduced in the early 1990s • Versions 4.0, 4.1, and 4.11—collectively known as NetWare 4.x—were introduced in the mid-1990s • NetWare 4.11 is sometimes referred to as IntraNetWare • In 1998, Novell released version 5.0, and since has released versions 5.1 and 5.11—collectively known as NetWare 5.x

  4. Why Choose NetWare? • Questions to ask when selecting a network operating system: • Can it be integrated with existing infrastructure? • Will it provide the security required by the network’s resources? • Can the technical staff manage it effectively? • Will existing applications run smoothly on it?

  5. Why Choose NetWare? • Questions to ask when selecting a network operating system (cont.): • Will it accommodate future growth (that is, is it scalable)? • Does it support additional services the network’s users require? • How much does it cost? • What type of support can be expected from the vendor?

  6. NetWare Server Hardware Table 9-1: Minimum hardware requirements for NetWare 4.x and 5.0 servers

  7. Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server • How many clients will connect to the server? • What kind of applications will run on the server? Does the server meet the requirements of the applications which it will run? • How much storage space will each user need? Sharing files or applications? • How much down time is acceptable? • What can the organization afford?

  8. Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server • When considering NetWare, note the number of NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) used by each service • NLMs are routines that enable the server to run a range of programs and offer a variety of services • Each NLM consumes some of the server’s memory and processor resources (at least temporarily)

  9. A Closer Look at the NetWare Operating System • Multiprocessing • In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports the use of as many as 32 processors on one server • Takes advantage of symmetric multiprocessing • To use NetWare 5.x’s multiprocessing capabilities, simply install multiple processors in the server

  10. NetWare’s Memory Model • Whereas NetWare 4.x can use only physical memory, NetWare 5.x can work with both virtual memory and physical memory • Protected mode • A manner in which NetWare runs services in a separate memory area from the operating system • Caching • Process of saving frequently-used data to an area of the physical memory where it will be readily available for future purposes

  11. The Kernel and Console Operations • Kernel • Core of the operating system • Server console • Network administrator’s primary interface to a NetWare server • Monitor • NLM that enables the system administrator to view server parameters such as protocols, bindings, system resources, and loaded modules

  12. The Kernel and Console Operations Figure 9-1: NetWare console screen at the Monitor menu

  13. The NetWare File System • NetWare does not allow you to specify the file system types in the same way that Windows 2000 does • It does offer its own high-performance file system that supports DOS, Macintosh, UNIX, OS/2, and Windows

  14. Compression • NetWare 4.x and 5.x both support file compression • In both NetWare 4.x and 5.x, unless the network administrator specifically chooses to prevent compression, compression on the server is enabled automatically • Compression does increase file access time slightly; for this reason it is not recommended for extremely large files

  15. Block Suballocation • Technique for using hard disk space more efficiently • Block • Unit of disk space Figure 9-2: Block suballocation

  16. NetWare Directory Services (NDS) • Provides a system for managing multiple servers and their resources • NDS tree • The logical representation of resources in a NetWare enterprise Figure 9-3: Simple NDS tree

  17. NetWare Directory Services (NDS) • Container Objects • Hierarchical arrangement of branches • Also called organizational units Figure 9-4: Two ways of grouping objects in an NDS tree

  18. NetWare Directory Services (NDS) Figure 9-5: More complex NDS tree

  19. Context • Can be envisioned as a kind of road map for finding an object in an NDS tree • Consists of an object’s organizational unit names plus the organization name • May be expressed in typeful or typeless notation

  20. Context • Typeful notation • Way of denoting an object’s context in which the Organization and Organizational Unit designators are included • Typeless notation • Way of denoting an object’s context in which the Organization and Organizational Unit designators are omitted

  21. NetWare Administrator Utility(NWAdmin) Figure 9-6: An NWAdmin interface

  22. Planning for Installation • Where does the server fit in the NDS tree? • What name will the server have? • How many and what kinds of network adapter cards will the server use? What type of disk controllers? • What protocols and network services should the server use? • Do you want to enable compression and/or block sub-allocation?

  23. Planning for Installation • How many, how large, and what kind of volumes will the server require? • What additional services will the server support? • In a simple installation, the most popular installation options are already chosen • In custom installation, it’s possible to determine which services and programs are installed • What kind of license do I have? • How can I remember all of this information?

  24. The Installation Process • NetWare can be installed from: • CD (most popular method) • Floppy disks (not recommended) • Another server on the network • This process is called an “over-the-wire” installation

  25. The Installation Process • After performing a NetWare 5.x installation and restarting the machine, your server should be functional • After installing a NetWare server, verify that you can log on to that server as administrator from a Windows 2000 or Windows 9x workstation using the Novell Client for NetWare

  26. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • To make you server functional, you will need to add users and other objects to the NDS tree • After adding objects, you may want to modify their properties or even delete them • An important tool in NetWare server management is the NetWare Administrator utility (NWAdmin)

  27. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) Figure 9-7: NetWare Administrator window

  28. NWAdmin

  29. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) Figure 9-8: Create User dialog box

  30. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • If you choose to establish a user’s home directory when creating that user ID, that user will have all rights to his or her home directory by default • As a result, you do not have to assign Read, Write, Erase, or other rights for the user’s home directory later

  31. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • After you have created NDS objects, you may want to change their properties • To view or change the properties of any leaf object: • Right-click the object in the tree • Choose Details from the menu that appears

  32. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) FIGURE 9-9 Password Restrictions window

  33. Internetworking with Other Operating Systems • NDS eDirectory • Works with NetWare 5.x operating systems and Windows NT or 2000 servers to enable Windows domains to appear as container objects in NWAdmin • Provides a simple solution to a network administrator's challenge of integrating Windows 2000 and NetWare

  34. Internetworking with Other Operating Systems • On the client side, Novell provides client software designed specifically for: • Windows 2000 • Windows NT • Windows 9x • OS/2 • Macintosh • UNIX

  35. Chapter Summary • Currently, several versions of NetWare exist • Both NetWare 4.x and 5.x use NDS • NetWare is optimal for file and print sharing • NetWare offers native interoperability solutions for Macintosh, DOS, Windows, OS/2, and UNIX-based systems • NetWare may not fit organizations that rely heavily on Microsoft technologies

  36. Chapter Summary • To determine the NetWare server’s requirements, consider the number of (NLMs) used by each service • Add components to a NetWare server to enhance its fault tolerance and performance • In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports up to 32 processors on one server and uses symmetric multiprocessing • Whereas NetWare4.x can use only physical memory, NetWare 5.0 can use both physical and virtual memory

  37. Chapter Summary • The network administrator’s primary interface to a NetWare server is the server console • NetWare uses volumes as the basis for organizing files and directories on the server • NetWare 4.x and 5.x both support file compression • Block suballocation is a technique employed by NetWare for using hard disk space more efficiently • A major development that Novell introduced with version 4.0 is NDS

  38. Chapter Summary • Before inserting the NetWare CD for installation of the operating system, consider the hardware and software requirements for Novell and any other software • NWAdmin is a graphical interface that runs from a Windows workstation and enables network administrators to manage NDS objects • The NDS eDirectory tool enables Windows 2000 domains to appear as container objects in NWAdmin

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