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Biosensors

By Dominic Lanni . Biosensors. Part One. Overview of Biosensors. Introduction. What are biosensors? A device that uses a living organism or biological molecule to detect things Usually chemicals, heavy metals, pathogens. Famous Person. Pioneer of technology is Anthony P. F. Turner

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Biosensors

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  1. By Dominic Lanni Biosensors

  2. Part One Overview of Biosensors

  3. Introduction • What are biosensors? • A device that uses a living organism or biological molecule to detect things • Usually chemicals, heavy metals, pathogens

  4. Famous Person • Pioneer of technology is Anthony P. F. Turner • Introduced screen-printing techniques • Developed blood-glucose sensors for diabetics

  5. Types of Biosensors • Can be • Electrochemical (Amperometry) • Electrical (Conductivity) • Optical (Fluorescence) • Mass Sensitive (Piezoelectric frequency) • Thermal (Heat of reaction/adsorption)

  6. Part Two Design Proposal

  7. Purpose • Dysentery-not fun (duh) • Caused by an amoeba or a bacterium called Shigella • No vaccine available (although there are treatments) • Proposal: a Mass-Sensitive Biosensor • Will detect bacteria in water

  8. Competing Technologies • Conventional bacterial cultures • Immunological methods • Molecular microbiological methods

  9. The Design • Mass-sensitive • Utilizes piezoelectric quartz crystal • DNA probe attached to crystal • Water sample put through DNA isolation process, and heated to denature strands • PCR may also be performed

  10. The Design • DNA is pipetted in, and heated to 50 degrees Celsius • Strands anneal to probe, increasing mass of crystal • Change in mass creates change in frequency • Change in frequency signals presence of Shigella

  11. Expected Results • If the frequency emitted by the crystal changes, then DNA has bound to probe • If DNA binds to probe, then Shigella bacteria are present in water sample • Knowledge of contamination prevents spreading and contraction of dysentery

  12. Advantages • No lack of supplies, as in bacterial cultures • Can be extremely fast • Crystals are cheap

  13. Potential Problems • Could be difficult to assemble on a large scale • PCR would slow down process if necessary for success • Portable power source for whole system necessary, as finding an outlet may be difficult • Crystals can degrade in quality over time

  14. Testing • Tests to determine how accurate device is • Tests to determine if PCR is necessary or not • Environmental tests to determine hardiness of device and crystals

  15. Hope you learned something. I don’t care what. Anything is great. This concludes the presentation

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