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Understanding Absolute Monarchies and Constitutional Government in 17th and 18th Century England

This study card explores the concepts of absolute monarchies and constitutional government during the 17th and 18th centuries, highlighting key events such as the English Civil War, the Magna Carta, and the rise of Oliver Cromwell. It examines the implications of divine right to rule, the development of parliamentary power, and the evolution of citizen rights, including the Petition of Right. The transition from monarchies to more democratic forms of governance laid the groundwork for modern constitutional principles, shaping today’s understanding of government.

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Understanding Absolute Monarchies and Constitutional Government in 17th and 18th Century England

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  1. Standard 7.2 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the concept of absolute monarchies and constitutional government in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Copy this on an index card!

  2. ????

  3. What was the legacy of the Magna Carta?

  4. England's future sovereigns and magistrates would be within the rule of law.

  5. King John put his seal to what famous document?

  6. The Magna Carta

  7. What does SEPARATION of CHURCH & STATE mean!

  8. Our government does not have the power to tell us what church to go to.

  9. what it’s not what it is lineage So what? context

  10. ????

  11. To what document did our founding fathers go when it was time to write our constitution?

  12. The Magna Carta

  13. What U.S. document is the “supreme law of the land”?

  14. The U.S. constitution!

  15. ????

  16. Define secede.

  17. Come after - replace!

  18. Explain the concept of divine right to rule.

  19. Right to rule given by God

  20. Name 2 English monarchs.

  21. Elizabeth I and James I

  22. Why were monarchs considered to be ABSOLUTE rulers?

  23. They believed kings & queens were given divine right to rule from God

  24. English parliament is kind of like our what?

  25. U.S. Congress

  26. How many senators does each state in the U.S. have?

  27. what it’s not what it is parliament So what? context

  28. The English Civil War 1642 – 1649 Royalists / Cavaliers = loyal to King Charles Roundheads = Puritan supporters of Parliament Stalemate until Puritans discovered Oliver Cromwell! Tried King Charles for treason & publicly executed him! REVOLUTIONARY!

  29. ????

  30. Why did James I and parliament fight?

  31. Parliament was used to having big say in government – James I wanted absolute power

  32. What did parliament insist on before they passed any more tax laws for James I?

  33. Parliament wanted James I to check with them first before making any more laws.

  34. Who seceded James I?

  35. King Charles I

  36. BONUS! Analyze this caricature of King Charles!

  37. What was the Petition of Right?

  38. Increased basic rights of citizens AND gave parliament sole power to tax people

  39. Why did the Puritans dislike the Church of England?

  40. Puritans thought the Church of England was too much like Catholics.

  41. How did King Charles meet his demise?

  42. Convicted of treason and beheaded!

  43. Stick figures – absolutism in France

  44. The RULE of OLIVER CROMWELL

  45. Cromwell & the Puritans • Sought to reform society • Made laws to abolish sinful activities What activities do you think were sinful?

  46. 1649 – abolished monarchy & established COMMONWEALTH = republican form of gov’t • Wrote 1st modern English constitution BUT then destroyed it & became military dictator • POWER HUNGRY! This is Oliver Cromwell!

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