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Sound

Sound. Speed Factors. State of matter  Fastest in a solid; slowest in a gas. Density  Faster in denser substances (iron versus copper). Elasticity  Faster in elastic substances (aluminum versus rubber). Temperature  Travels slowest in coldest temperatures. Intensity of Sound.

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Sound

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  1. Sound

  2. Speed Factors • State of matter  Fastest in a solid; slowest in a gas. • Density  Faster in denser substances (iron versus copper). • Elasticity  Faster in elastic substances (aluminum versus rubber). • Temperature  Travels slowest in coldest temperatures.

  3. Intensity of Sound • Intensity  Amount of energy or amplitude of a sound wave. • Loudness  human perception of intensity. • Decibel Scale  measures loudness (threshold of pain = 120 dB).

  4. Pitch of Sound • Pitch  Frequency of the wave; more frequency = higher pitch. • Human Range  20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. • Ultrasonic = above 20,000 Hz. • Infrasonic = below 20 Hz.

  5. Doppler Effect Wavelengths get pressed together between two objects moving closer to each other, so you get a higher pitch.

  6. Uses of Sound • Acoustics  study of sound. • Echolocation  using sound to locate objects. • SONAR  Underwater sound waves to locate objects (fish, sunken boats). • Ultrasound Machine Ultrasonic sound waves are used to produce an image of the interior of our bodies.

  7. Music – sound in a regular pattern • Resonance  vibrates at its natural frequency. • Instruments  have ways to alter the “natural frequency” of the instrument. • Beats  Heard when two or more waves with different frequencies are played at the same time.

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