What was WWI called before it was called WWI?

1. What was WWI called before it was called WWI?

2. Why is World War I called W.W.I?

3. The Great War“The War to end all Wars”The Trench war1914-1918

5. World War II 1939-1945

6. Essential Question: (EQ) What are some underlying factors that are going to help start the Great War? • Nationalism(pride in your race or country. Wanting your own land for your people) • Land /Border disputes (fights) in Europe • Fighting around the world for colonies • Militarism(building your army and navy, training soldiers) • Military Alliances(agreements to help each other if war breaks out)

7. All these factors made Europe in 1914 a (barrel of gunpowder) • Nationalism • Land disputes • Militarism • Alliances

9. Closing Activity: • In the summary box at the bottom of the paper • Write at least 2 sentences answering this question: • What are some causes of • The Great War (WWI)

10. Austrian soldiers in W.W.I

11. Austria – Hungary Empire

12. The Balkans: The “powder keg” of Europe The many regions of southeast Europe where there are lots of different ethnicities and religions- and they fight all the time

13. The Balkans

14. The Alsace -Lorraine

15. Backward Farmers • Worried about Russia/Serbia • Wants a navy • Hates Germany • Biggest Empire most Colonies around the world • Ambitious – wants power • Diverse and drama/fighting • Afraid of Russia and France • Afraid of Germany wanting colonies and navy

16. Serbian Terrorist network who hated Austrian Rule • Plotted terrorist acts against Austrians

17. Who are they? • Worried about the German navy? • Lots of different people groups • Isolated Island • Want back the Alsace- Lorraine • Mostly backward farmers • Worried about Serbia and Russia • Want colonies and a strong navy

18. Prelude to the “spark” that blows the Powder Keg • Franz Ferdinand • Son of the Austrian/Hungary King • Goes to Sarajevo, Bosnia to give a speech on June 28th – • the most patriotic day in Serbian History

19. The “spark” • 19 year-old • GavriloPrincip • a Serbian living in Bosnia • and member of “The Black Hand” a Serbian terrorist group • shoots and kills both Franz Ferdinand and his pregnant wife Sofia

20. Huge country and army, farming not industry doesn’t like Austria, supports Serbia • Strong army and industry, wants colonies and bigger navy, hated by France • Strong economy and navy, lots of colonies, isolated from continental Europe • Decent army and economy, Lost land to Germany • Huge unstable empire. Many unhappy people groups inside their empire • France • Austria Hungary • Britain • Germany • Russia

22. The 2 sides in WWI • Central Powers • * • * • Triple Entente (Allies) • * • **

23. The “short and skinny” of how an assassination leads to a World War 1. Serbians living in Bosnia hate the fact that Austria rules them 2. A Serbian terrorist group plots and kills Franz Ferdinand 3. Austria wants to go to war against Serbia but are afraid of Russia because both Serbia and Russia are of the Slavic race 4. Russia tells Austria – to not mess with Serbia 4. Germany tells its ally Austria to do what it needs to do and if Russia jumps in they’ll take care of Russia 5. So Austria declares war on Serbia 6. Russia gets pissed and moves it’s troops to the Austrian border but does not cross 7. Germany (itching for a fight) says that moving troops to the border is an act of war so it attacks Russia 8. Germany knows that Russia is allied with France and eventually France will get in - so they decide to attack France 9. The easiest way to Paris is through Belgium so the Germans invade Belgium first to get to France 10. This angers Britain so Britain declares war on Germany and Austria GAME ON IN SUM : what should’ve been a war between Serbia and Austria becomes a World War due to Alliances

24. Serbians living in Bosnia hate the fact that Austria rules them * A Serbian terrorist group plots and kills Franz Ferdinand * Austria wants to go to war against Serbia but are afraid of Russia because both Serbia and Russia are of the Slavic race * Russia tells Austria – to not mess with Serbia * Germany tells its ally Austria to do what it needs to do and if Russia jumps in they’ll take care of Russia * So Austria declares war on Serbia * Russia gets pissed and moves it’s troops to the Austrian border but does not cross * Germany (itching for a fight) says that moving troops to the border is an act of war so it attacks Russia * Germany knows that Russia is allied with France and eventually France will get in - so they decide to attack France * The easiest way to Paris is through Belgium so the Germans invade Belgium first to get to France * This angers Britain so Britain declares war on Germany and Austria GAME ON IN SUM : what should’ve been a war between Serbia and Austria becomes a World War due to Alliances

25. Assignment: • On a sheet of notebook paper answer the following question: • What was the major factor that caused World War I? • Nationalism • Land disputes • Militarism • Alliances

26. Today’s Submarine (summary) • In the summary space of your Cornell Notes • answer this question and support it What , in your opinion, was the major factor that caused World War I? • Nationalism • Land disputes • Militarism • Alliances Sentence starter:The major factor that caused WWI was __________ for these reasons ___________________________________________

27. German Schlieffen Plan • Defeat France quickly and then shift troops to the east to defeat Russia which they thought was slow to mobilize • Question: why did Germany attack France so early in the war?

28. Closure Activity: Finish these Sentences… A factor that led to W.W.I was… Another factor that helped lead to W.W.I was The incident or “spark” that got the actual war started was … An assassination led to a world war because…

29. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: (EQ) Why did the United States get into WWI? Key words: Neutrality Kaiser Propaganda Blockade “Zimmerman Note”

30. Western Front (France)70% of the battles and 70% war deaths Trench Warfare

32. Huge Artillery Shells: Explode thousands of pieces of shrapnel (metal and lead)

33. “Going over the Top” out of the Trenches and on the offensive • No man’s Land: the area in between the 2 enemy trenches • Casualties: both killed and wounded soldiers • i.e., • The battle of the Somme had 800,000 casualties

34. In WWI Machine guns could fire up 100 bullets a minute Machine guns killed more than any other weapon in WWI (millions)

35. The use of poison gas in World War I was a major military innovation. The gases ranged from disabling chemicals, such as tear gas and the severe mustard gas, to lethal agents like phosgene and chlorine. chemical warfare was a major component of the first global war and first total war of the 20th century. The killing capacity of gas, however, was limited — only 4% of combat deaths were due to gas. Poison Gas

36. Closure Activity: Finish these Sentences… The Schlieffen Plan was… Soldiers were in the trenches because.. Life in the Trenches was… “No man’s land… “Going over the Top”…. The machine gun…. Poison gas…

37. Huge artillery Cannons airplanes • Look at the new weapons of WWI and then discuss with your group these questions: • 1. List as many things as you can of things that the weapon could do • 2. Rate the effectiveness of the weapon • Low 1 2 3 4 5 high • 3. What was the most important weapon of WWI • and why? Tanks submarines Machine guns Poison gas

38. The Battle of the Somme (France) July-November 1916 • Before: bombardment million shells fired • Allied soldiers advanced along a 25 mile offensive • 60,000 casualties in the first day(20,000 dead) • Generals kept sending soldiers to a certain death • Losses • Britain – 420,000 • France- 200,000 • Germany – 500,000 • Question: was this small piece of land gained worth the lives of a almost a million people?

39. War of Attrition • is a military strategy in which a side tries to win the war by fighting and fighting and trading losses with the enemy because you have more men and supplies to trade

40. Tanks of WWI

41. Tanks of W.W.II

42. Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen was a German fighter pilot known as the "Red Baron". He was the most successful flying ace of World War I, being officially credited with 80 confirmed air combat victories. Airplanes

43. Planes of World war II

44. Submarines – U boats(German unterseeboot)

45. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: (EQ) Why is the war going to come to an end? Key words:

46. UNRESTRICTED Submarine warfare (sinking both military and commercial ships) The Lusitania May 7th 1915 1,198 dead (128 Americans)The World is outraged and Germany pledges to stop unrestricted warfare and only fire upon military craft

47. January 1917: Germany plans to blockade Britain and resume “Unrestricted submarine warfare” • Blockade: • Blocking any supplies from getting in or • Out of a country’s harbors

48. Anti- German propaganda during W.W.I

49. Other factors that influenced Americans wanting Britain and France to defeat Germany • The USA had loaned Britain and France way more than the had loaned Germany • Helping Britain and France win would definitely help make sure USA would get paid back

50. Zimmerman Telegram