The Paradoxical Era 1968-1980

1. The Paradoxical Era  1968-1980

3. RICHARD NIXON Late 1940�s-early 1950�s: Achieved success in House and Senate Races 1952-1956: Was chosen as Eisenhower�s running mate in his political campaigns 1962: Retired from politics 1968: Was the republican presidential candidate and defeated Hubert Humphrey

6. Nixon�s Strategy Floating Coalition: ~Included support of liberal and moderate Republicans, and some Democratic liberals and moderates. ~A bipartisan coalition of moderates and liberals to oppose conservatives. Political Outbidding: ~Endorsed social reforms that were initiated by Democrats, but offered expansive amendments to them so he could obtain partial credit for their passage.

7. Nixon�s Reforms 1st Term: ~Supplementary Security Income (SSI) ~Major revisions in the Food Stamp program ~Revenue sharing ~Assorted Health Legislation 2nd Term: ~Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) ~Community Development Block Grant Program ~Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ~Child Abuse Prevention Act of 1973

8. Welfare Policy ~Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program was not popular ~Nixon had 2 options: -Could have sought incremental and liberalizing reforms to increase the levels of benefits in low-benefit states -Could have favored incremental and conservative reforms to strengthen the work requirement and to create public service jobs

10. Family Assistance Program ~Replaced AFDC ~Provided federal assistance to all families who fell beneath a federally prescribed minimum income ~Proposed the creation of large numbers of public service jobs for welfare recipients ~Provided for all intact families in a nationwide guaranteed income ~Contained a large day care program

11. FAP Continued

12. Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Pros: ~Legislation rescued older people from federal-state Old-Age Assistance program ~Assisted hundreds of thousands of deinstitutionalized people with mental disorders ~Provided funds for many people with physical disabilities Cons: ~Grants were hardly given ~Elderly and disabled were allowed to keep their homes, but could not use Food Stamps ~Those that lived in states that did not supplement the federal minimum benefits received lower benefits than their peers in more generous states

13. Food Stamps

14. Food Stamps Continued

15. George A. Wiley and the NWRO

16. Questions 1. What were some of Nixon�s reforms? a. SSI, revenue sharing, Child Abuse Prevention Act b. Major revisions in the Food Stamp Program, Rehabilitation Act of 1973 c. Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA), Assorted Health Legislation d. All of the above 2. Who founded the National Welfare Rights Organization? a. Richard Nixon b. Gerald Ford c. George Wiley d. Sar Levitan

17. Social Security

18. Due to Inflation�� There was an erosion in social security benefits value http:wickimedia.org/en/thumb/8/8c/ushistoricalinflation.svg.png

19. Wilbur Mills Democratic Congressman Tried to persuade Nixon that an increase in benefits could be done without increasing the payroll tax. He knew that 70% of the elderly did not receive any other income besides their social security check. THREE LEGGED STOOL

20. WHAT DO YOU THINK NIXON  DID? A) listened to Mills B) increased benefits and payroll taxes C) Didn�t increase benefits at all www.nrp.com

21. HE listened to good ol� Mills Benefits increased from $68.2 billion in 1970 to $132 billion in 1980 % of elderly below poverty line decreased from 29.5 to 15 percent between 1967-1979.

22. But why was an increase NOT so good for the government without an increase in payroll taxes.

23. It Depleted the Fund

24. Revenue Sharing The Local Fiscal Assistance Act (1972) Gave funds to local governments to use for their operating expenses Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (1973)(CETA) Community Development Block Grant portion of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974. Janson,Bruce.TheReluctantWelfareState.ThomsonBrooks/Cole.California,2005.

25. Why did He Want Revenue  Sharing? Hoped to gain support from state and local officials who were in favor of revenue sharing. It was a more hands off policy of allocating funds which paid approx $6 billion a year to local governments in the 1970�s.

26. Civil Rights and Other Health Policies�� HANDOUT

27. Although many beneficial Acts were passed under President Nixon����There was still a dark cloud that remained over his presidency which led to his resignation in August of 1974. WHAT WAS IT?????

28. THE WATERGATE SCANDAL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0l1j6UgFeAI

29. Question 1) Why was Nixon in favor of revenue sharing? A) He wanted to have more power over state and local officials. B) He wanted to strengthen his political strategy. C) He wanted to gain support from state and local officials. D) Both b and c

30. Answer: D) Both b and c found on page 281 in textbook

31. Question 2) What was the reason for the resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974? A) not enough programs B) Watergate Scandal C) Segregation D) His Health Policies

32. Answer B) The Watergate Scandal found in the textbook on page 288

33. Out-groups in the 1970s Women, people of color, gay men and lesbians Second wave Problems obtaining legislative and legal advances Work on number of fronts simultaneously Specialized groups working on specific problems

34. Helen Reddy - �I Am Woman�http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPDcMyPlFvw I am woman, hear me roar In numbers too big to ignore And I know too much to go back an� Pretend 'cause I've heard it all before And I've been down there on the floor No one's ever gonna keep me down again CHORUS Oh yes I am wise But it's wisdom born of pain Yes, I've paid the price But look how much I gained If I have to, I can do anything I am strong (strong) I am invincible (invincible) I am woman You can bend but never break me 'cause it only serves to make me  More determined to achieve my final goal And I come back even stronger Not a novice any longer 'cause you've deepened the conviction in my soul CHORUS I am woman watch me grow See me standing toe to toe As I spread my lovin' arms across the land But I'm still an embryo With a long long way to go Until I make my brother understand CHORUS I am invincible I am strongI am woman I am invincible I am strong I am woman

35. The Women�s Movement

37. Overcoming dissent within the movement African American women More attention on the poor Old controversies surfacing Women who favored protectionist legislation vs. women who favored strict equality for women and men

38. Rush � �The Trees� There is unrest in the forest,There is trouble with the trees,For the maples want more sunlightAnd the oaks ignore their pleas.The trouble with the maples,(And they're quite convinced they're right)They say the oaks are just too loftyAnd they grab up all the light.But the oaks can't help their feelingsIf they like the way they're made.And they wonder why the maplesCan't be happy in their shade.

39. Mobilization of New Sets of Out- Groups People with disabilities Afraid of discrimination in workplace Physical impediments Nixon vetoes Rehabilitation Act in 1972 Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504 Nixon vetoed child development legislation in 1971

40. Revolution in Rights O�Connor v. Donaldson http://www.treatmentadvocacycenter.org/LegalResources/CaseLaws/Case1.htm Roe v. Wade Protections to: Immigrants in detention camps Gays and lesbians People in jail Building trades = forced to train minorities and women Northern schools end de facto segregation

41. Beginnings of Backlash Women Phyllis Schlafly -critic of the ERA �Sexual harassment on the job is not a problem for virtuous women.�

42. Evolution of Reluctant Welfare State Nixon supported & initiated social reforms Supported Family Assistance Plan attacked welfare fraud

43. Q. Women worked on multiple fronts to obtain all the following EXCEPT: equal pay for comparable work legislation allowing maternal leaves for pregnant women legislation to decrease sexual harassment in work place resources for child care Q. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504� defines handicap as a person having a mental or physical impairment which substantially limits one or more of such a person�s major life activates prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities from participation in programs or activities receiving federal or financial assistance provides guidance to people with disabilities none of the above