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Ch 27: Reproductive System

Ch 27: Reproductive System. General organization Anatomy of male repro. system Anatomy of female repro. system. General Organization. Gonads gametes & hormones Ducts transport of . . . ? Glands secrete fluid Perineal structures = external genitalia.

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Ch 27: Reproductive System

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  1. Ch 27: Reproductive System General organization Anatomy of male repro. system Anatomy of female repro. system

  2. General Organization • Gonads gametes & hormones • Ducts transport of . . . ? • Glands secrete fluid • Perineal structures = external genitalia

  3. Anatomy of Male Repro System • Primary reproductive organs produce gametes • Secondary reproductive organs . . . . • Male reproductive and urinary tracts are partially shared Fig 27-1

  4. Testes (paired glands) • Develop adjacent to kidneys • Descent into scrotum through inguinal canal • Peritoneal lining carried along  lining of scrotum • Cryptorchidism (in 3% of full-term and 30% of premature deliveries) • Significance? • Treatment? 4 month 27-3

  5. Scrotum • Function: support and protect testes • Skin & underlying superficial fascia • Dartos muscle in subcutis • Cremaster muscle (continuation of ___________ • Involuntary contraction in response to ________ • Scrotal sac forms 2 separate chambers

  6. Structure of Testes • Two tissue layers cover testes: • Tunica albuginea • Tunica vaginalis • 200-300 lobules • 3 seminiferous tubules Fig 27-5 Longitudinal section

  7. From Spermatocyte to Spermatozoon • Spermatogenesis: Meiosis of primary spermatocytes  spermatids • Spermiogenesis: Spermatid maturation into spermatozoa within Sertoli cells • Spermiation: Spermatozoon released into lumen 27-5

  8. Sustentacular (Sertoli) Cells • Maintenance of blood testis barrier • special lumen fluid • sperm specific ag • Support of spermatogenesis • FSH and Testosterone work via Sertoli cells • Support of spermiogenesis • Secretion of inhibin • Secretion of androgen-binding protein (ABP)

  9. Anatomy of Spermatozoon Mature sperm has 3 portions • Head with acrosome • Midpiece with lots of ? • Flagellum (rotating in corkscrew fashion)

  10. Epididymis ~ 7 m long • Sperm-maturation • Recycling of damaged spermatozoa • Adjusting composition of tubular fluid (stereocilia!!) Functions:

  11. Path of Spermatozoa from tail of epididymis: ductus (vas) deferens Ampulla ejaculatory duct urethra

  12. Capacitation Activation of spermatozoa Occurs after spermatozoa leave epididymis and come in contact with seminal fluid. Final capacitation when exposed to conditions inside female reproductive tract Semen = Seminal fluid + Sperm

  13. The Accessory Glands. Provide for 95% of the seminal fluid • Seminal vesicles • Prostate gland • Bulbourethral glands

  14. Seminal Vesicles • Produce 60% of seminal fluid • Tubular glands (~ 15 cm) • Secretion • is rich in fructose • leads to sperm motility

  15. Prostate Gland • 25% of seminal fluid • Single, doughnut-shaped • Secretion contains: • citrate • seminal plasmin • prostate specific antigen (PSA)

  16. Bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands) Pea size Alkaline secretion containing lots of mucus. function??

  17. Corpora cavernosa Corpus spongiosum Erectile Tissue • Penis has 3 cylindrical columns • Penis is contrary to popular believe not the primary male sex organ! • Circumcision =?

  18. the end

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