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Integrated Circuits

Integrated Circuits. Objectives At the completion of this unit, the student should be able to: Explain the importance of integrated circuits. Identify advantages and disadvantages of integrated circuits. Identify the major components of an integrated circuit.

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Integrated Circuits

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  1. Integrated Circuits

  2. Objectives • At the completion of this unit, the student should be able to: • Explain the importance of integrated circuits. • Identify advantages and disadvantages of integrated circuits. • Identify the major components of an integrated circuit.

  3. Describe the four processes used to construct integrated circuits. • Identify the major integrated circuit packages. • List the families of integrated circuits.

  4. Integrated circuits • A complete electronic circuit in a package no larger than that of a conventional low-power transistor. • Consist of diodes, transistors, resistors, and capacitors. • Produced with the same technology and materials used in making transistors and other semiconductor devices.

  5. Advantages of integrated circuits: • They are small in size, approximately one-eighth of an inch square. • Consume less power. • Operate at higher speeds. • More reliable. • Many are produced at the same time. • Reduce the number of parts needed to construct electronic equipment.

  6. Disadvantages of integrated circuits: • Cannot handle large amounts of current or voltage. • Only four types of components are included. • diodes • transistors • resistors • capacitors • They cannot be repaired.

  7. Integrated circuits are classified according to their construction techniques. • Monolithic • Thin-film • Thick-film • Hybrid

  8. Integrated circuit packaging • Packages are designed to protect the circuits • from moisture. • from dust. • from other contaminants. • Most popular design is the dual-inline package. • Several sizes: • small scale integration (SSI). • medium scale integration (MSI).

  9. large scale integration (LSI). • very large scale integration (VLSI). • Made of ceramic or plastic • plastic is less expensive. • suitable for applications where operating temperature falls between 0 to 70 degrees Celsius. • ceramic is more expensive. • offers better protection. • operate at a wider temperature range (-55 to +125 degrees Celsius). • recommended for military, aerospace, and severe industrial applications.

  10. In Summary • Integrated circuits are popular because they: • Are reliable with complex circuits • Consume little power • Are small and lighter • Are economical to produce • Provide new and better solutions to problems • They cannot handle large amounts of current or voltage.

  11. Integrated circuits use only: • Diodes • Transistors • Resistors • Capacitors • They cannot be repaired, only replaced. • They are constructed by four techniques: • Monolithic • Thin-film

  12. Thick-film • Hybrid • The most popular circuit package used is the DIP (dual-inline package). • Packages are made of plastic or ceramic. • Plastic is most often used.

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