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Introducing Diet

Introducing Diet. Functions of Water in Diet. As a Solvent For Hydrolysis As a Transport Medium. Purpose of Dietary Fibre. Fibre is a general term used to refer to plant material that cannot be digested (Cellulose) Examples of foods rich in fibre: Breadfruit Yams Bananas Peas and Beans

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Introducing Diet

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  1. Introducing Diet

  2. Functions of Water in Diet • As a Solvent • For Hydrolysis • As a Transport Medium

  3. Purpose of Dietary Fibre • Fibre is a general term used to refer to plant material that cannot be digested (Cellulose) • Examples of foods rich in fibre: • Breadfruit • Yams • Bananas • Peas and Beans • Nuts • Whole wheat flour • Oats • Unrefined Cornmeal • Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

  4. Purpose of Dietary Fibre • High fibre diets keep the intestines healthy • Fibre helps to relieve constipation • It may help people to lose weight • Guards against some cancers of the intestinal tract

  5. Constipation Constipation is a common disturbance of the digestive tract. In this condition, the bowels do not move regularly, or are not completely emptied when they move. This condition is the chief cause of many diseases as it produces toxins which find their way into the bloodstream and are carried to all parts of the body. Appendicitis, rheumatism, arthritis, high blood pressure, cataract, and cancer are only a few of the diseases in which chronic constipation is an important predisposing factor.

  6. Common Causes Of Constipation • Not enough fibre in diet. • Not enough liquids. • Lack of exercise. • Medications. • Irritable bowel syndrome. • Changes in life or routine such as pregnancy, older age, and travel. • Abuse of laxatives. • Ignoring the urge to have a bowel movement. • Specific diseases such as multiple sclerosis and lupus. • Problems with the colon and rectum. • Problems with intestinal function (Chronic idiopathic constipation.)

  7. Diarrhoea Diarrhoea refers to the frequent passage of loose or watery unformed stools. Diarrhoea may be acute or chronic. Commonly known as 'loose motions', it is one of the commonest diseases, particularly in India, in children. The small intestine normally gets more than ten litres of liquid per day which comes from the diet and from secretions of the stomach, liver, pancreas, and intestines. In the case of diarrhoea, water is either not absorbed or is excreted in excess. It is then sent to the colon whose water-holding capacity is limited. Thus the urge to defecate comes quite often.

  8. Diet • Diet includes the foods we eat and drink daily • A healthy diet should include foods from the six food groups used in the Caribbean and put forward by the CFNI (Caribbean Food and Nutrition Institute) • These groups are: • Staples • Legumes and Nuts • Vegetables • Food from Animals • Fruits • Fats and substitutes

  9. Balanced Diet • A balanced diet contains the correct proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, mineral salts, water and roughage to suit individual needs • These proportions vary from person to person • A balanced diet also ensures that energy requirements of individuals are met. • In addition a balanced diet should be based on a selection of foods from the six food groups

  10. Vitamins: Sources and Characteristics

  11. Minerals : Uses • Iron – for the formation of haemoglobin • Calcium – for the formation of bones and teeth, muscle contraction and blood clotting • Iodine – for the formation of thyroxine. • Sodium – for the maintenance of blood tissue fluids and the transmission of nerve impulses • Potassium – for the transmission of nervous impulses

  12. Malnutrition • Malnutrition is a general term for a medical condition caused by an improper or insufficient diet. It most often refers to under nutrition resulting from inadequate consumption, poor absorption, or excessive loss of nutrients, but the term can also encompass over nutrition, resulting from overeating or excessive intake of specific nutrients. An individual will experience malnutrition if the appropriate amount of, or quality of nutrients comprising a healthy diet are not consumed for an extended period of time. An extended period of malnutrition can result in starvation, disease, and infection.

  13. Malnutrition • Malnutrition is the lack of sufficient nutrients to maintain healthy bodily functions and is typically associated with extreme poverty in economically developing countries. It is a common cause of reduced intelligence in parts of the world affected by famine.

  14. BMI • The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measurement tool that compares your height to your weight and gives you an indication of whether you are overweight, underweight or at a healthy weight for your height. • It can be calculated using the following formula BMI = Weight in Pounds * 703 (Height in Inches)2 Weight in Kilograms (Height in Meters)2

  15. BMI Chart Underweight: 18.4 and belowHealthy: 18.5 - 24.9Overweight/At Risk: 25.0 - 29.9Obese: 30 and above

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