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Introducing DNA

Introducing DNA. Natalia Sivackova. Subunits. Made of simple subunits called nucleotides Consists of 3 parts: Sugar ( deoxyribose ) Phosphate group Base. phosphate. sugar. base. Nucleotides. Nucleotides do not all have same base Four different bases: Adenine (A) Cytosine (C)

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Introducing DNA

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  1. Introducing DNA Natalia Sivackova

  2. Subunits • Made of simple subunits called nucleotides • Consists of 3 parts: • Sugar (deoxyribose) • Phosphate group • Base phosphate sugar base

  3. Nucleotides • Nucleotides do not all have same base • Four different bases: • Adenine (A) • Cytosine (C) • Guanine (G) • Thymine (T)

  4. Building DNA Molecules • Two nucleotides link together by a covalent bond • DNA = two strands of nucleotides wound together • Complementary base pairing: A – T and C – G

  5. DNA Replication • Copying DNA to produce new molecules with same base sequence • Semi-conservative: one new strand and one old conserved from parent DNA • 3 Stages: Stage 1 • Double helix is unwound • Breaking the hydrogen bonds • Enzyme involved: Helicase

  6. Stage 2 • Single strands act as templates • Free nucleotides attach (form hydrogen bonds) • Main enzyme involved: DNA Polymerase Stage3 • Rewind into double helix

  7. Vocabulary • Nucleotides • Adenine • Cytosine • Guanine • Thymine • Covalent bond • Complementary base pairing • Semi-conservative

  8. Bibliography • http://www.biology-online.org/1/5_DNA.htm • http://www.scq.ubc.ca/a-monks-flourishing-garden-the-basics-of-molecular-biology-explained/ • http://qwickstep.com/search/hydrogen-bonds-dna.html • http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect02.htm

  9. References: • Study Guide Pg. 16 • Course Companion Pg. 54-58 • Pearson HL Pg. 55-60

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