Materials Core Instrumentation:

1. Materials Core Instrumentation: • UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer DU 640B (Beckman) • FTIR spectrophotometer FTIR-480 (Jasco) • Spectropolarimeter J-810 (Jasco) • Refractive index analysis instrument AR700 (Reichert) • CAM 200 optical contact-angle goniometer (KSV Instruments) • Ellipsometer GES 5, variable-angle spectroscopic (Sopra Inc) • Flame atomic absorption - AAnalyst 200 (Perkin Elmer) • SPR spectrometer Biacore X • MTS Synergie 100 • HPLC/GPC system (Waters) • Plasma surface treatment unit (Harrick) More details on each instrument are on the following slides. For more info, please contact Dr. GulyaKorneva: gkornev@clemson.edu

2. Spectrophotometer DU 640B, Beckman • Applications: • Measures Absorbance and Transmission: • At fixed wavelength; • Wavelength scan; • Kinetics/time • Can be used in qualitative and quantitative analyses. Wavelength range 190-1100 nm

3. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer FTIR-480, Jasco • Applications: • structure analysis; • purity examinations; • quantitative analysis; • identification of unknown compounds: liquids, semi-liquids and flexible solids; • biological materials study; • with HATR plates ZnSe highly absorbing substances can be analyzed (polymers, rubber, fibers, etc); • Specifications: Wavelength range: 360 to 7800 cm-1; • Resolution range: 0.5;0.9;2;4;8;16 cm-1 Accessories: 1) MIRacleTM single reflection HATR (horisontal ATR, Pike technologies) with 2 mm round crystal ZnSe. 2) &3) HATR plates in “through” and “flat” configurations. “Through” – for liquid, powder, or paste, good for volatile compounds; “flat” – for the analysis of solid materials including polymer and film samples. For more info: www.jascoinc.com/Libraries/Application_Notes/IR_01_03.sflb.ashx

4. Spectropolarimeter J-810, Jasco • Measures the circular dichroism (CD) and optical rotary dispersion (ORD) of the sample. • Applications: • Allows to verify the chirality of molecules or compounds; • to estimate fractions of each different conformation in protein structure; • the conformational changes of molecules with temperature/and pH can be studied. • Useful for verifying that the protein is in its native conformation. • Protein folding studies. • Purity testing of optically active substances. • Specifications • Light source: 150W Xe arc lamp (N2 cooled) • Wavelength range: 163 ~ 900 nm • Accessories: • Peltier type temperature controller Jasco PFD-425S • Automated pH titratorJasco ATS 429S

5. Refractive index analysis instrument – Reichert AR700 Temperature Controlled Automatic Refractometer Applications: Measures refractive index of transparent, translucent, and opaque liquids. Features: Reading range of 1.33000 to 1.60000 Refractive Index and the full Brix scale.Precision: to 0.01 Brix or 0.00001 For more info: http://www.reichertai.com/products.html?productID=17

6. CAM 200 (KSV) CCD Camera • CAM 200 is a video camera based fully computer controlled contact angle meter. • Applications: • Contact angle measurements; • Surface free energy measurements; • Absorption and wetting; • Surface/interfacial tension For more info: http://www.terralab.biz/edoc/ksv/KSV_Cam_200_Contact_Angle_Surface_Tension_Meter.pdf

7. Variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometer GES 5 (Sopra Inc) • Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is a non-contact, non-destructive optical technique. • Applications: • measures material refractive indices; • layer thicknesses of thin film layers on flat substrates; • up to 7 layers can be analyzed in terms of thickness and optical characteristics for each layer. Features: Thickness measured: from monoatomic to several microns thick. The beam size: 1 mm2 and 10 mm2; The variable angles: from 7º to 90º with variable +/- 0.01º; spectral range from 200 nm to 800 nm For more info: http://www.sopra-sa.com/ges5e-for-retd-pdt-5-16.php

8. Flame atomic absorption spectrometer - AAnalyst 200, Perkin Elmer • Applications: • for determining very precisely the concentration of a particular element in a liquid sample. Can detect from 1 to 1000 µg/L. • For each element, the specific lamp is required. Currently, Ca lamp is available. • The list of lamps/elements for analysis on AAnalyst 200 can be found on https://www.vwrcanlab.com/programs/equipment/pdf/Model%20AAnalyst%20200%20Spectrometers.pdf

9. BiAcoreX SPR spectrometer Biacore is a methodology for measuring the biomolecular interactions in real time using the phenomenon of surface Plasmon resonance (SPR). Applications: it allows to study: • Kinetics of binding • Solution affinity • Steady state affinity • Yes/No binding • Ligand fishing • Affinity ranking • Protein concentration assays • Protein percent activity assays • Thermodynamics Interactions between nucleic acids, lipids, small molecules, whole cells, and surfaces can be studied. • Specifications: • Two Flow cell capability • Temperature regulation = 4-40oC • Flow rates 1-100μL/min, steps of 1 μL • Required sample volume: injection volume (min-5 μL +20 μl) • Molecular weight detection: >180 Da • Refractive index range: 1.33 - 1.40 • Sensitivity ≈ 20 RU, where RU, resonance units, 1RU = 1 pg/mm2 of sensor surface. Some applications are described in a paper by Y. Wei and R. A. Latour, Langmuir 2009, 25(10), 5637–5646 For more info: http://web.bf.uni-lj.si/bi/sprcenter/BiacoreX.pdf

10. Materials Testing System (MTS) Synergie 100 Testing: Tensile, Flex, Peel/Tear, Strain, and Compression test methods. 1) Loadings available: 10 N (2 lbf) 2) Speed range: 0.001-1000 mm/min (0.00004-39 in/min) 3) Max specimen thickness for grips: 13 mm (0.5 in) 4) 50 mm (2.0 inch) diameter lightweight compression platens Face set, 25x25 mm rubber, for 100/2000 advantage pneumatic and screw action grips. For more info: http://www.mts.com/en/Bio/Materials/index.asp

11. HPLC/GPC system (Waters) Applications: high resolution separations and purifications Includes: Binary Gradient Pumping System (1525) Autosampler (2707) Photodiode Array Detector (2998) Refractive Index Detector (2414) Column Heater Fraction Collector Specifications: Binary Gradient Pumping System: Flow Rate Range: 0 to 10 ml/min; max operating pressure: 6000 psi. Autosampler: Loop Volumes: 100 and 500 µl. Refractive Index Detector: Refractive index range: 1.00 to 1.75 RIU. Column Heater: Temperature range: 20oC to 60oC; column capacity: up to four 7.8 mm x 300 mm columns For more info: http://www.waters.com/waters/nav.htm?locale=en_US&cid=514256

12. Plasma cleaner/sterilizer, Harrick • Applications: • Plasma activation of substrate surfaces to render surface hydrophilic; promote attachment and adhesion of functional biological species or coatings to: • Enhance cell adhesion, coverage, and proliferation on tissue scaffolds. • Promote adsorption of selective functional biological species while resisting, adhesion of bacteria and fouling microorganisms. • Removes organic contamination from surfaces. • Modifies or enhances the physical and chemical characteristics of surfaces: The high energy plasma particles combine with the contaminant to form carbon dioxide (CO2) or methane (CH4). For more info: http://harrickplasma.com/applications_biomaterials.php