Exploring Fundamental Physics at the Intensity Frontier: HEP Community Summer Study 2013

1. Intensity Frontier Working Group Intensity Frontier Working Group Community Summer Study 2013 Community Summer Study 2013 J. Hewett and H. Working Group Conveners J. Hewett and H. Weerts Working Group Conveners Weerts J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett CMP12 CMP12

2. HEP and the Frontiers HEP and the Frontiers Good representation of HEP Good representation of HEP • Shows multi search for new physics – Direct Searches – Precision Measurements – Rare and Forbidden Processes – Fundamental Properties of Particles and Interactions – Cosmological observations Shows multi- -pronged approach to search for new physics Direct Searches Precision Measurements Rare and Forbidden Processes Fundamental Properties of Particles and Interactions Cosmological observations pronged approach to J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

3. Broad and Diverse Program Broad and Diverse Program HEP is a broad and diverse set of science opportunities • Why is it important to be broad and diverse? Anticipated discoveries at the LHC with 1 HEP is a broad and diverse set of science opportunities Why is it important to be broad and diverse? Anticipated discoveries at the LHC with 1st stdata: data: J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett Murayama

4. Broad and Diverse Progra Broad and Diverse Program m 1 1st stsurprise from LHC: Direct CPV in Charm decays! surprise from LHC: Direct CPV in Charm decays! CPV search in D→ππ CPV search in D→ ππ vs vs D→ KK D→ KK 3.5σ σ signal 3.5 signal Now 4.2σ, including CDF data Now 4.2σ, including CDF data J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

5. T The Intensity Frontier he Intensity Frontier • Exploration of Fundamental Physics with – intense sources – ultra Exploration of Fundamental Physics with intense sources ultra- -sensitive, sometimes very massive detectors sensitive, sometimes very massive detectors • Intensity frontier science searches for – Extremely rare processes – Tiny deviations from Standard Model predictions Intensity frontier science searches for Extremely rare processes Tiny deviations from Standard Model predictions • Precision measurements that indirectly probe quantum effects Precision measurements that indirectly probe quantum effects • Extends outside of HEP sponsors some programs Extends outside of HEP – – Nuclear Physics sponsors some programs Nuclear Physics J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

6. Intensity Frontier Science Intensity Frontier Science The Intensity Frontier addresses fundamental questions: The Intensity Frontier addresses fundamental questions: • Are there new sources of CPV? • Is there CPV in the • Are • Do the forces unify? • Is there a weakly coupled Hidden Sector linked to Dark Matter? • Are apparent symmetries (B,L) violated at high scales? • What is the flavor sector of • Can we expand the new physics reach of the energy frontier? Are there new sources of CPV? Is there CPV in the leptonic Are ν ν’s Do the forces unify? Is there a weakly coupled Hidden Sector linked to Dark Matter? Are apparent symmetries (B,L) violated at high scales? What is the flavor sector of n new physics? Can we expand the new physics reach of the energy frontier? leptonic sector? or Dirac? sector? ’s Majorana Majorana or Dirac? ew physics? J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

7. Intensity Frontier Workshop Intensity Frontier Workshop Fundamental Physics at the Intensity Frontier 2011 Fundamental Physics at the Intensity Frontier : Rockville, MD Nov 30 2011 : Rockville, MD Nov 30- -Dec 2, Dec 2, • Jointly Sponsored by DOE office of HEP and Nuclear Physics • ~500 participants • 3 days of vibrant talks and discussion Jointly Sponsored by DOE office of HEP and Nuclear Physics ~500 participants 3 days of vibrant talks and discussion Charge: • Document the science opportunities at the Intensity Frontier • Identify experiments and facilities needed for components of program Charge: J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

8. Workshop Report Workshop Report • arXiv:1205.2671 • Everyone who contributed is an author ~ 440 authors ~ 220 pages arXiv:1205.2671 Everyone who contributed is an author ~ 440 authors ~ 220 pages • Contents: Exec Summary Chapter for each working group Technical Summary Contents: Exec Summary Chapter for each working group Technical Summary J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

9. Workshop Deliverables: Glossy Brochure Workshop Deliverables: Glossy Brochure Glossy Brochure: Glossy Brochure: • Communicators (FNAL, SLAC) in charge • Ready for distribution Communicators (FNAL, SLAC) in charge Ready for distribution J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

10. T The Intensity Frontier Program he Intensity Frontier Program The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities Heavy Quarks Heavy Quarks Charged Leptons Charged Leptons New Light, Weakly Coupled Partices New Light, Weakly Coupled Partices Neutrinos Neutrinos Nucleons & Atoms Nucleons & Atoms Baryon Number Violation Baryon Number Violation J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

11. T The Intensity Frontier Program he Intensity Frontier Program The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities CP Asymmetries, Rare decays, Distributions K’s, Charm, B’s CP Asymmetries, Rare decays, Distributions K’s, Charm, B’s LFV with g g- -2 2 LFV with μ μ, ,τ τ LFV with ν ν Oscillations 0 0νββ LFV with Oscillations νββ New particle searches New particle searches Proton Decay Neutron Oscillation Proton Decay Neutron Oscillation EDMs Parity Violation EDMs Parity Violation J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

12. T The Intensity Frontier Program he Intensity Frontier Program The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities New sources of CPV - - Indirect new Physics Search New sources of CPV Indirect new Physics Search New sources of CPV new Physics Search New sources of CPV – – Indirect new Physics Search Indirect Explore DM and other weakly coupled sectors Explore DM and other weakly coupled sectors Fundamental Properties: CPV Dirac/Majorana Hierarchy Fundamental Properties: CPV Dirac/ Hierarchy Majorana Test of unification and fundamental symmetries Test of unification and fundamental symmetries New sources of CPV Physics Search Fundamental measurements New sources of CPV – – Indirect new Physics Search - - Fundamental measurements Indirect new J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

13. T The Intensity Frontier Program he Intensity Frontier Program The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities The Intensity Frontier is a broad and diverse, yet connected, set of science opportunities Broad program with many connections Broad program with many connections New sources of CPV Indirect new Physics Search New sources of CPV - - Indirect new Physics Search New sources of CPV new Physics Search New sources of CPV – – Indirect new Physics Search Indirect Explore DM and other weakly coupled sectors Explore DM and other weakly coupled sectors Fundamental Properties: CPV Dirac/ Hierarchy Fundamental Properties: CPV Dirac/Majorana Hierarchy One outcome of workshop One outcome of workshop Majorana Test of unification and fundamental symmetries Test of unification and fundamental symmetries New sources of CPV Physics Search Fundamental measurements New sources of CPV – – Indirect new Physics Search - - Fundamental measurements Indirect new J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

14. Physics #Intensity Frontier: Heavy Quarks Physics #Intensity Frontier: Heavy Quarks Heavy Quark Chapter Conclusions: Heavy Quark Chapter Conclusions: • Essential component of world physics program • Compelling physics case not predicated on theoretical progress • Several • US has opportunity to mount its own program in K Decays Essential component of world- -wide balanced physics program Compelling physics case not predicated on theoretical progress Several exp’ts US has opportunity to mount its own program in K Decays wide balanced exp’ts underway abroad underway abroad – – US should be involved US should be involved Report shows future sensitivities for K Decays, as well as Charm & bottom processes at Super and upgraded LHCb Report shows future sensitivities for K Decays, as well as Charm & bottom processes at Super- -Flavor Factories and upgraded LHCb/ATLAS/CMS Flavor Factories /ATLAS/CMS J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

15. Physics #Intensity Frontier: Charged Leptons Physics #Intensity Frontier: Charged Leptons • Charged Leptons easy to produce & detect ⇒ precise measurements are possible • Hadronic • SM rates negligible in some cases so new physics stands out • Directly probe couplings of new particles to leptons • Diverse set of independent measurements Charged Leptons easy to produce & detect ⇒ precise measurements are possible Hadronic uncertainties insignificant or controlled by data SM rates negligible in some cases so new physics stands out Directly probe couplings of new particles to leptons Diverse set of independent measurements uncertainties insignificant or controlled by data 95% CL limits in CLFV with 95% CL limits in CLFV with muons muons J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

16. Physics #Intensity Frontier: Neutrinos Physics #Intensity Frontier: Neutrinos Neutrinoless Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Double Beta Decay • Tests fundamental Nature of the neutrino • Tests Lepton Number Violation Tests fundamental Nature of the neutrino Tests Lepton Number Violation 100 kg 100 kg J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

17. Physics #Intensity Frontier: Neutrinos Physics #Intensity Frontier: Neutrinos Large properties: CVP, Mass Hierarchy Large θ θ13 properties: CVP, Mass Hierarchy 13allows for measurement of fundamental neutrino allows for measurement of fundamental neutrino J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

18. Physics #Intensity Frontier: Neutrinos Physics #Intensity Frontier: Neutrinos Guide to Neutrino Experiments for Dummies Guide to Neutrino Experiments for Dummies J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

19. Physics #Intensity Frontier: New Light, Weakly Coupled Particles Physics #Intensity Frontier: New Light, Weakly Coupled Particles Effective coupling to SM vs Effective coupling to SM vs Mass plane Mass plane mA A’ ’< 1ev m < 1ev Hidden Sector Vector Portal/Heavy Dark Sector Photons: Couplings to SM small enough to have missed so far, but big enough to find Hidden Sector Vector Portal/Heavy Dark Sector Photons: Couplings to SM small enough to have missed so far, but big enough to find Theories motivated by cosmic frontier Signatures at Intensity and (Energy) frontiers Theories motivated by cosmic frontier Signatures at Intensity and (Energy) frontiers J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett m mA A’ ’> 1ev > 1ev

20. Physics #Intensity Frontier: Nucleons, Nuclei and Physics #Intensity Frontier: Nucleons, Nuclei and Atons Atons Neutrons SM-theory: 10-31e cm Exp: <2.9x10-26e cm  5x10-28e cm 2018  10-28e cm Nucleus (Hg) SM-theory: 10-33e cm Electric dipole moments: Excellent probes of new physics Exp: <10-27e cm  10-32e cm Program in place to measure all Electrons ( cold molecules of YbF, ThO possible Fr) SM-theory: 10-38e cm Exp: <1.05x10-27e cm  3x10-31e cm + Kaons Th: 1.2351 ( 2) x 10-4 Exp: 1.2300 (40) x 10-4– 0.3% go to 0.05% Weak decays: Nuclear b decay: precise measurement of Vud, future measurement of n lifetime and decay correlations Neutral Currents: Asymmetries Polarized electron scattering from unpolarized targets & electrons ( Moeller scatter) precision measurements of weak mixing angle over large Q2 J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

21. Intensity Frontier Linked to Other Frontiers Intensity Frontier Linked to Other Frontiers The science of the Intensity Frontier is connected to the Energy and Cosmic Frontiers The science of the Intensity Frontier is connected to the Energy and Cosmic Frontiers • Connections between LHC results and flavor factories • When (not IF) LHC discovers New Physics we will need to know its flavor sector Generic amplitude for flavor process Connections between LHC results and flavor factories When (not IF) LHC discovers New Physics we will need to know its flavor sector Generic amplitude for flavor process J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

22. Intensity Frontier Linked to Other Frontiers Intensity Frontier Linked to Other Frontiers Generic amplitude for flavor process Generic amplitude for flavor process Flavor non measured in LFV and heavy quark physics Flavor non- -diagonal measured in LFV and heavy quark physics diagonal LHC measures this! LHC measures this! J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

23. What Next? What Next? This workshop was just a step in the process towards making this program a reality This workshop was just a step in the process towards making this program a reality • Demonstrated that a large community wants to do this science • We have documented the science • Broad Intensity Frontier discussion must continue Demonstrated that a large community wants to do this science We have documented the science case Broad Intensity Frontier discussion must continue case • Developing a strategy and program to be executed comes later… Developing a strategy and program to be executed comes later…. . J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett J. Hewett

24. Intensity Frontier Plan for “Snowmass” Intensity Frontier Plan for “Snowmass” • Follow same working group • Incorporate recent results/plans in neutrino sector • Continue to develop science • Educate community on Intensity Frontier discovery potential so that community can communicate science to others • Engage the full HEP • Further Follow same working group structure Incorporate recent results/plans in neutrino sector Continue to develop science case Educate community on Intensity Frontier discovery potential so that community can communicate science to others Engage the full HEP community Further explore connections with other structure case community explore connections with other frontiers frontiers J. Hewett J. Hewett

25. Engage the HEP Community Engage the HEP Community Proponents must engage, and make their case to, the full community! Otherwise, you may not like the resulting priorities! Proponents must engage, and make their case to, the full community! Otherwise, you may not like the resulting priorities! J. Hewett J. Hewett Arkani-Hamed

26. Intensity Frontier Plan for “Snowmass” Intensity Frontier Plan for “Snowmass” • Develop – Programs for this decade: • Focus of workshop report • Well established with g μBooNE Super – Programs for next decade • Focus for “Snowmass” study • Fresh ideas encouraged! Develop strategy to be a global leader Programs for this decade: Focus of workshop report Well established with g- -2, μ2e μBooNE, , MINERVA, MINOS+, EXO/Curare Super- -KEKB, Programs for next decade Focus for “Snowmass” study Fresh ideas encouraged! strategy to be a global leader 2, μ2e, , Noυa Noυa, , LBNE, LBNE, , HPS, MINERVA, MINOS+, EXO/Curare, HPS, KEKB, LHCb LHCb J. Hewett J. Hewett

27. CSS13 Working Groups CSS13 Working Groups Quark Flavor Physics: Joel Butler, Charged Lepton Processes Brendan Casey, Yuval Grossman Neutrinos Andre Kate Baryon Number Violation Kaladi New Light, Weakly Coupled Particles Rouven Wester Nucleons, Nuclei & Atoms Krishna Kumar, Z Ramsey Quark Flavor Physics: Joel Butler, Zoltan Charged Lepton Processes Brendan Casey, Yuval Grossman Neutrinos Andre deGouvea Kate Scholberg Baryon Number Violation Kaladi Babu New Light, Weakly Coupled Particles Rouven Essig Wester Nucleons, Nuclei & Atoms Krishna Kumar, Z. .- -T. Lu, Michael Ramsey- -Musolf K, D & B Meson decays/properties Precision measurements with K, D & B Meson decays/properties Precision measurements with muons Zoltan Ligeti Ligeti, Jack Ritchie , Jack Ritchie muons, , taus taus All experiments for properties of neutrinos. Accelerator & non All experiments for properties of neutrinos. Accelerator & non- -accel deGouvea, Kevin Pitts, Scholberg, Sam Zeller , Kevin Pitts, , Sam Zeller accel. . Proton decay, Neutron Oscillation “Dark” photons, paraphotons axions, , WISPs Proton decay, Neutron Oscillation “Dark” photons, axions Babu, Ed Kearns , Ed Kearns paraphotons, , WISPs Essig, John , John Jaros Jaros, William , William Properties of nucleons, nuclei or atoms (EDM), as related to HEP Properties of nucleons, nuclei or atoms (EDM), as related to HEP T. Lu, Michael Musolf J. Hewett J. Hewett

28. Plan for Friday Breakout Sessions Plan for Friday Breakout Sessions • S1: Parallel session for each working group – Discuss plans/projects for Snowmass study – Discuss optimal pre • S2 11:15 NSAC report by Josh Klein • S3: Joint session with Capabilities, Instrumentation, and Computing Frontiers • S4/S5: Plenary intensity frontier group meeting – Working group presentations: “Where are we now and how do we move forward?” – Fix pre S1: Parallel session for each working group Discuss plans/projects for Snowmass study Discuss optimal pre- -meeting schedule S2: Continue parallel discussions until 11:15 11:15 NSAC report by Josh Klein S3: Joint session with Capabilities, Instrumentation, and Computing Frontiers S4/S5: Plenary intensity frontier group meeting Working group presentations: “Where are we now and how do we move forward?” Fix pre- -meeting schedule meeting schedule : Continue parallel discussions until 11:15 meeting schedule J. Hewett J. Hewett

29. Intensity Frontier Snowmass Study Intensity Frontier Snowmass Study Please contribute!!! Please contribute!!! J. Hewett J. Hewett