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Imperialism

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Imperialism

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    1. Imperialism Carving the African Cake 1880 and beyond

    2. Before the Europeans came….. Ethnic and linguistic groups Large empires and small villages Africans controlled trade Gold, ivory, people

    3. Were Europeans on the continent at all? Slave trade (to the western hemisphere) By 1880’s – only 10% of continent controlled by Europeans.

    4. South Africa Dutch settlers came in 1650’s “Boers” /Afrikaners (farmer) British took over land in 1800’s Clash with Zulus and Boers “Great Trek” Diamond and gold discovered 1860’s/80’s Boer War in 1899-1902 Concentration camps Guerrilla raids

    5. Europeans Explorers Slave traders Missionaries Humanitarians

    6. David Livingstone Minister Went to Central Africa (looking for the Nile) Disappeared for 11 years Henry Stanley found him

    7. The Belgian Congo 1879-1882 Treaties signed Claimed motive to abolish slave trade 80 times larger than Belgium Rubber plants Severe forced labor – 10 m died

    9. Cecil Rhodes Wealthy businessman Founded DeBeers Believed in racial supremacy Wanted a British Empire in Africa Carved out Rhodesia

    12. Motives for Imperialism Social Belief in European superiority Political Competition for political supremacy Economics Competition for economic dominance

    13. Social Motives Tame the barbarians Racial superiority Social Darwinism – those who are the wealthiest and strongest are superior to others How does this image apply to Africa?

    14. Social Motives -Missionaries Christianize “civilize” “westernize”

    15. Economic motives Raw materials Minerals Crops

    16. Why were they able to imperialize? Technology Weapons Modes of travel – steam engine, new ships Quinine

    17. Why were they able to imperialize? Non-unity among Africans Languages Cultures Warfare

    18. The Scramble All Europeans wanted a piece of Africa Go to war? Had a conference instead

    19. The Berlin Conference, 1884-5 14 countries Claim the land Control the area 1884 - Africa was divided Except: Liberia & Ethiopia

    23. What impact did this have on the African people?

    24. Effects Smallpox Lost land and independence Famine because of cash crops Breakdown of traditional culture Division of the African continent created artificial boundaries Sanitation Hospitals Literacy New languages

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