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Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy

Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy. ATP. Energy needs of life. Animals are energy consumers What do we need energy for? synthesis reproduction active transport movement temperature control. Where do we get energy?. Energy is stored in organic molecules

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Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy

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  1. Cellular RespirationHarvesting Chemical Energy ATP

  2. Energy needs of life • Animals are energy consumers • What do we need energy for? • synthesis • reproduction • active transport • movement • temperature control

  3. Where do we get energy? • Energy is stored in organic molecules • carbohydrates, fats, proteins • Animals eat these organic molecules  food • digest food to get • fuels for energy (ATP) • raw materials for building more molecules • carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids

  4. Whoa! Hot stuff! What is energy in biology? ATP

  5. glucose + oxygen  carbon + water + energy dioxide 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Harvesting energy stored in food • Cellular respiration • breaking down food to produce ATP • in mitochondria • using oxygen • formula shows glucose, but that is just an example • could be other sugars, fats or proteins

  6. food O2 ATP What do we need to make energy? Make ATP!Make ATP!All I do all day…And no oneeven notices! • The “Furnace” • mitochondria • Fuel • food • carbohydrates, fats, proteins • The Helpers • oxygen • “aerobic” • enzymes

  7. fuel(carbohydrates) CO2 + H2O + heat ATP O2 O2 food(carbohydrates) “Burn fuels” to make energy combustion making heat energy by burning fuels in one step respiration making ATP energy (& some heat) by burning fuels in many small steps CO2 + H2O + ATP (+ heat)

  8. Whoa! Pass me the glucose& oxygen! Using ATP to do work? ATP • Can’t store ATP • too unstable • only used in cell that produces it • only short term energy storage • carbohydrates & fats are long term energy storage work ADP + P A working muscle recycles over 10 million ATPs per second

  9. { • resting energy • activity • temperature control { • growth • reproduction { • glycogen • fat A Body’s Energy Budget ATP eatfood synthesis storage

  10. O2 What if oxygen is missing? • Can’t complete aerobic respiration • alcohol fermentation • yeast • glucose  ATP + CO2+ alcohol • make beer, wine, bread • lactic acid fermentation • bacteria, animals • glucose  ATP +lactic acid • make yogurt • animals feel muscle fatigue but only make a little bit of ATP!

  11. 9-2 The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport chain WHAT HAPPENS DURING THE KREBS CYCLE? • Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions • The Krebs Cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix • Most of the chemical energy gets transferred to electron carriers NAD+ and FAD+

  12. HOW ARE THE HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRONS USED BY THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN? • The electron transport chain uses high-energy electrons from the Krebs Cycle to convert ADP to ATP • This stage takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane ATP

  13. Any Questions??

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