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5’ G. UUU. 5’ G. UUUpA 16 CCUpU 20 UUG. G 414 -OH. OH 3’. A 16 CCUpU 20 UUG. p. G 414. This reaction forms a cyclic intron and a short oligonucleotide. 5’ A 16 CCUpU 20 UUG. G 414 -OH. Hydrolysis gives a linear form of the intron called L-15. G414 then attacks the 5’ side of U20.
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5’ G UUU 5’ G UUUpA16CCUpU20UUG G414 -OH OH 3’ A16CCUpU20UUG p G414 This reaction forms a cyclic intron and a short oligonucleotide.
5’ A16CCUpU20UUG G414 -OH Hydrolysis gives a linear form of the intron called L-15. G414 then attacks the 5’ side of U20. L-19 RNA is formed.
L-19 RNA still has an IGS and a reactive G414. L-19 is a ribozyme -it catalyses reactions that make or break phosphodiester bonds.
G-OH 5’ -p-CCCCC-OH GGGAGG-5’ Catalytic activities of L-19 RNAs 1. PolyC polymerase A C5 oligonucleotide binds the IGS. The 3’ terminal residue is transferred to G414.
Another C5 oligonucleotide binds and is extended to C6. G-pC-OH 5’ -p-CCCCC-OH 5’ -p-CCCCCC-OH GGGAGG--5’ Repeated cycles generate longer polynucleotides.
2. Sequence-specific endoribonuclease. The IGS is engineered to base pair with the target RNA sequence.A free G residue cleaves the target. G-OH 5’ -CCCUCU 3’ GGGAGG--5’ 5’-CCCUCU-OH + 5’ G 3’
5’ Y-OH 3. RNA ligase. The 5’ G of one RNA occupies the G binding site. The other RNA base-pairs with the IGS. Ligation results. Gp XXXXXXXX--5’ 5’ Y 3’ + G
5’ UCU p 4. Phosphatase. G-OH GGGAGG 5’