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the endocrine system

m easuring sources of endocrine d isrupting c ompounds in north c arolina waterways : a gis -based s ampling a pproach for studies on intersex fish.

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the endocrine system

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  1. measuring sources of endocrine disrupting compounds in north carolina waterways: a gis-based sampling approach for studies on intersex fish Dana K. Sackett, Matthew Rubino, Crystal Lee-Pow, D. Derek Aday, W. Gregory Cope, Seth Kullman, James A. Rice, Thomas J. Kwak and Mac Law

  2. the endocrine system • Chemical messages sent through the blood for cell to cell communication that activates physiological response

  3. Endocrine disruptors: “exogenous agents that interfere with the production, release, transport, binding, action or elimination of natural hormones in the body…”

  4. Estrogens and Estrogen Mimics • Males producing vitellogenin • Yolk precursor typically seen only in females • Intersex • Individuals with both male and female characteristics • Feminized males

  5. Study recently reported widespread intersex in the US with the highest incidence (67-91%) in the Pee Dee River in North Carolina and South Carolina • Evidence links EDCs with fish reproductive impairment and may lead to fish population declines • Kidd et al. 2007 • Collapse of natural fathead minnow population with cascading affects on a population of lake trout

  6. Another troubling aspect of EDCs: • Currently lack a clear understanding of extent and distribution in surface waters and their relation to potential sources • i.e. waste water treatment plants, concentrated animal feeding operations, land application of municipal waste

  7. Objectives: • Identify locations of sources of EDCs (focusing on estrogens and estrogen mimics) • Quantify the potential impact of these sources in North Carolina water bodies using GIS • Sample water to validate GIS and examine extent of EDCs in surface waters

  8. Data Sources: • NPDES, EPA, NCDENR • Point Sources: • Wastewater treatment facilities • Sewage and industrial • Permitted discharge • Non-point Sources: • Concentrated animal feeding operations • Permitted number of animals • Agricultural applications of municipal waste • Mean of CAFO • Superfund sites • Mean CAFO

  9. Point-source Non point-source

  10. Measured estrogen activity in water using a bio-assay (YES) - Doesn’t matter what chemicals there as long as they light up an ER - Can get an equivalence of 17β-estradiol

  11. Our range 0.00 – 34.5 ng/L • No Risk < 1 ng/L • High Risk > 10 ng/L • Extreme low dose effects

  12. P = 0.02 B A A

  13. Actual log10 (std estradiolpicomol/L) Predicted log10 (std estradiolpicomol/L)

  14. Actual log10 (std estradiolpicomol/L) Predicted log10 (std estradiolpicomol/L)

  15. Point Source Ecoregion

  16. Overall low concentrations • However, extreme low doses may cause negative impacts • GIS approach useful for point sources • Caution: unrecorded historical contamination • Non-point contributions may only occur seasonally • Intersex more reflective of map predictions • Incorporate long term low dose exposures

  17. Thanks to… Cam Mcnutt Bryn Tracy Chuck Cranford Charles Bryan Endagered Species Branch, Fort Bragg Paul Super Great Smokey Mountains National Park

  18. Questions

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