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Basic Matrix Operations in MATLAB

Learn how to generate matrices, work with special matrix types, create vectors, perform operations on vectors, use mathematical functions on vectors and matrices, and utilize useful functions in MATLAB.

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Basic Matrix Operations in MATLAB

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  1. Matlab Generiranje podatkov

  2. Matrike • Osnovne matrike • eye(n) in eye(m, n) : identična matrika • zeros(n) in zeros(m, n) : same ničle • ones(n) in ones(m, n) : same enke • rand(n) in rand(m,n) : matrika z naključnimi števili z [0,1) • randi(doKam, n) in randi(doKam, n, m) : matrika z naključnimi celimi števili [1, doKam] • Posebne matrike • magic(n) : magični kvadrat • hilb(n) : hilbertova matrika (1, ½, 1/3 …) • …

  3. Generiranje vektorjev • X = [od : korak : do] • Vsa soda dvomestna števila • X = [10 : 2 : 99] • Števila od 10 do 0 • X = [10 : -1 : 0] • X = [od : do] • Isto kot x = [od:1:do] • linspace(od, do, koliko) • x = linspace(-pi, pi, 10) % 10 vrednosti od –Pi do Pi • Isto kot x = [-pi : 2*pi/9 : pi] • Matrika 10 x 10, ki ima na diagonali 1, 2, …, 10 • diagonala = [1:10] • Matr = diag(diagonala) • Vektor 5 metov kocke • metiKocke = randi(6,1,5)

  4. Operacije na vektorjih • Vektor 10 enakih metov kocke • enakiMeti = randi(6) * ones(1,10) • število op vektor • Npr. 5 + [3, 4, 5, 2] • Operacija se izvede po komponentah • [1, 2, 3, 1] + [3, 4, 5, 2] • [4, 6, 8, 3] • [1, 2, 3, 1] * [3, 4, 5, 2] • Napaka! • [1, 2, 3, 1] .* [3, 4, 5, 2] • Po komponentah • [3, 8, 15, 2] • Podobno pri matrikah: .op : operacija op se izvaja po komponentah

  5. Funkcije • Matematične funkcije nad vektorji in matrikami: • sin, cos, … • Izvajajo se po komponentah • Tabeliraj funcijo sinus na intervalu [-pi, pi] s korakom pi/4 • x = [-pi : pi/4 : pi] • vrednostiX = sin(x)

  6. Še nekaj uporabnih funkcij • size(M) • dimenzija matrike • Rezultat je vektor • Dolžina vektorja • dimV = size(v) • velV = dimV(2) • Ali gre v enem koraku: • size(v)(2) • MATLAB "protestira" • max(size(v)) • sum(x) • če je x vektor (ali vektor stolpec) : vsota elementov • Če je x matrika: dobimo vektor vsot stolpcev • prod(x) • dot(x, y) : x . y – skalarni produkt

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