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Immune system

Immune system. General outline. Lymphatic organs: thymus, lymph node,. spleen, tonsil. Lymphoid tissue. T ： Th 、 Ts 、 Tc B K NK. Lymphocyte. Cells. Macrophage. Lymphoid tissue :. consists of reticular tissue, macrophage, plasma cell and lymphocyte.

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Immune system

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  1. Immune system

  2. General outline Lymphatic organs: thymus, lymph node, spleen, tonsil Lymphoid tissue T：Th、Ts、Tc B K NK Lymphocyte Cells Macrophage

  3. Lymphoidtissue: • consists of reticular tissue, macrophage, plasma cell and lymphocyte diffuse L.T.: no border, predominant T cell , postcapillary venules (P.C.V.) lymphoid nodules: clear border, predominant B cells Ag Primary ~ Secondary ~

  4. lymphoid tissue

  5. Lymphoid organs • Central lymphoid organs Thymus: the generation place of Tc Bone marrow: the generation place of Bc • Peripheral lymphoid organs Contain lymph node, spleen, tonsil The places to proceed immune reactions

  6. Thymus Structure: • Capsule ( C.T.) interlobular septa Endothelial reticular cell (ERC) Lymphocyte: thymocyte Macrophage: secrete IL-1 • Cortex: ERC Lc: few Macrophage: secrete IL-1 Thymic corpuscles • Medulla:

  7. Thymus

  8. The cortex of thymus

  9. The medulla of thymus

  10. Blood-thymus barrier: Prevents circular antigens from reaching the thymic cortex where T cells are being formed Consists of : endothelial cell of continuous capillary very thick basement membrane perivascular space with macrophage in it basement membrane of ERC ERC or their processes with desmosome

  11. Thymus function: • the thymic ERC can secrete thymic hormones (thymosin, thymolin, thymopoietin) • induce the stem cell to differentiate into T lymphocyte

  12. Lymph node • scattered in the passages of lymph capsule • structure Cortex medulla parenchyma Perform immune reaction Filtration of lymph • function

  13. Structure: • capsule: several afferent lymphatic vessels, trabecula • cortex primary secondary lymphoid nodule (B) internodule zone superficial cortex: paracortical zone: diffuse lymphoid tissue(T) subcapsular sinus peritrabecular sinus cortical lymphatic sinuses

  14. Medulla • medullary cords: contain many B cells, plasma cells, macrophages • medullary sinuses many macrophages

  15. Lymph node

  16. The cortex of lymph node

  17. The medulla of lymph node

  18. Recirculation of lymphocytes: Lymphoid tissue Efferent lymphatic vessel Blood circulation P.C.V.

  19. Spleen • located in the passages of blood capsule • structure white pulp red pulp marginal zone parenchyma • function immune filter blood to clear out the old red blood cells hemopoiesis blood storage

  20. Structure: • capsule: D.C.T. containing smooth muscle; is covered by mesothelium • white pulp • periarterial lymphatic sheath: T predominant • lymphatic nodules (splenic nodules): B • marginal zone lies between the white pulp and the red pulp

  21. red pulp • splenic sinusoid long rod endothelial cells ; gaps between the adjacent cells; no basement membrane; rounded by reticular fibers • splenic cord the main components are B, Mφ, etc; is the principle place for filtration of blood

  22. Spleen

  23. The white pulp of spleen

  24. The red pulp of spleen

  25. Tonsil • Mucosa stratified squamous epithelium Epithelium form crypts lymphocyte infiltration lymphatic nodules diffuse lymphatic tissue Lamina propria • Capsule: C.T.

  26. Tonsil

  27. Mononuclear phagocyte system young monocyte monocyte Bone marrow Blood CT: macrophage Liver: Kuffer cell Lung: dust cell Nerve tissue: microglia Osseous tissue: osteoclast Skin: Langerhans cell Tissues or organs

  28. Function of MPS: • phagocytosis • participate in immune reaction • secrete bioactive substances

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