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Religious Wars and the Coming of the Khanate

Religious Wars and the Coming of the Khanate . 7.2 | The Crusades and the Mongols . The Seljuk Turks. Asiatic people who moved into the Middle East Conquer Baghdad 1058 | Convert to Islam Fresh blood in Islam’s veins Expansion – Byzantine Empire The Battle of Manzikert 1071 .

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Religious Wars and the Coming of the Khanate

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  1. Religious Wars and the Coming of the Khanate 7.2 | The Crusades and the Mongols

  2. The Seljuk Turks Asiatic people who moved into the Middle East Conquer Baghdad 1058 | Convert to Islam Fresh blood in Islam’s veins Expansion – Byzantine Empire The Battle of Manzikert 1071

  3. Alexius Comnenus Emerges from the civil wars after Manzikert – 1081 Reconquers territory – loss of Asia Minor Appeal to Pope Urban II in 1094 Pope Urban II’s problems

  4. To bolster his support and legitimize rule, Urban travels to Clermont, France • Speech – Help Christian brothers in the East, reclaim Jerusalem • … and rally behind me – the true Pope – incentives promised • Common people flock to armies – organized by powerful barons “God Wills It!”

  5. Crusaders at the Gates Western European armies reach Constantinople - 1096 Alexius’ dilemma and compromise – Peter the Hermit Crusaders in Asia Minor – The divisions of Islam The Siege of Antioch – Stephan of Blois – The Battle of Antioch The barons fight

  6. “It was necessary to pick one’s way over the bodies of men and horses… In the Temple and porch of Solomon, men rode in blood up to their knees and bridle reins… The city was filled with corpses and blood” No problem. You like sherbet? Listen, I’m sorry about all this Jerusalem is Taken 1099 – Massacre of the entire population Feudalism instituted in the “Holy Land” – fighting Subsequent crusades to reinforce the Holy Land 1187 – Saladin conquers Jerusalem for Islam – Third Crusade Richard the Lionhearted (E), Philip Augustus (F), Frederick Barbarossa (HRE) march off – stalemate

  7. The Folly of Christianity The Children’s Crusade The Fourth Crusade’s Origins Constantinople 1204 Crusades as a Political Tool – France and the Cathars (Albi)

  8. China Emerges from the Warring States Period 589 AD The Sui Dynasty takes control after 350 years of chaos Centralization returns – efficient bureaucracy The Grand Canal completed – trade and communication Lots of peasants died though – rebellions

  9. The Tang Dynasty 618 AD Prosperity and cultural achievement Chinese influence spreads Contended with Islam – Talas 752 AD Expanded civil service exam and law code Foreign trade increases with the economy

  10. Movable type • Paper money • Porcelain • Gunpowder • Magnetic compass • Cotton clothing • Silk (duh) • Farming techniques = 100 million people (Song); rice; tea Technological Achievements

  11. Song Dynasty 960 AD Rebellions and corruption killed the Tang Trend of efficient bureaucracy = success; inefficient = disaster Song promoted cultural vibrancy = most advanced in the world Extremely difficult CSE – scholar-officials Issues with nomads to the north – the Great Wall

  12. You’ve been waiting for it… The Mongols https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szxPar0BcMo

  13. Genghis Khan (Great Khan) 1206 AD • Unifies Mongolian tribes • Conquers a massive empire – brutality and fear • The fracturing of the Khanate • The Golden Horde (Russia) • The Il-Khanate (old Persia) • The Chagatai Khanate (central Asia) • The Yuan Dynasty (China) The Great Khanate

  14. PaxMongolica Mongolian hegemony Freedom of travel, trade, religion, and social mobility The travels of Marco Polo to the court of Kublai Kahn c.1290 Trade flourishes… but so will the plague

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