European Exploration

European Exploration Chapter 20

Spain builds an American Empire European countries are in fierce competition for Asia trade routes 1492 Columbus sails to Bahamas looking for a quicker way to India Other Europeans follow

Goals of the Europeans God, Glory and Gold Colonies Conquistadors

Conquistadors • Cortes defeats the Aztecs • Pizzarro conquers the Incas • Spanish Techniques • Spanish lived among the natives and had relationships creating mestizos • Also forced Natives in encomienda system, basically slavery • Natives did resist but it was futile attempts

Other European Countries 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas divided the newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal Other countries ignored treaty

Other European Countries • France • Started along the St. Lawrence River, explored along the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River • More concerned about making money than occupying land; largely single men that became fur traders • England • Jamestown – Struggled early many settlers dies, eventually would prosper growing tobacco for Europe • “New England” – created by Puritans seeking religious freedom

Dutch settled along Hudson River, Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait; few Dutch wanted to colonize so eventually let other counties have settlements there

Dutch, English and French battled for Colonial Supremacy • England takes over New Netherlands without firing a shot • As English settlers moved west they began to encounter the French traders • 1754 French and Indian War (Seven years war) • 1763 French surrender their holdings in North America

European Exploration