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Understanding RNA: The Dynamic Molecule in Genetics

Delve into the world of RNA, the versatile ribonucleic acid that bridges DNA and proteins. Discover its key functions in genetic information transfer and protein synthesis. Unravel the different types of RNA and their crucial roles in cellular processes.

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Understanding RNA: The Dynamic Molecule in Genetics

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  1. RNA copies DNACh. 10.2 (p.190-192) • RNA= ribonucleic acid; has an extra oxygen, otherwise very similar to DNA • Big difference: instead of using the nucleotide Thymine (T), RNA uses nucleotide Uracil (U) • So now A—U and G—C • RNA is like a computer disk or flash drive • Copies information on one computer: DNA in nucleus • Takes info to another computer: ribosomes outside the nucleus

  2. RNA copies DNACh. 10.2 (p.190-192) RNA comes in 3 types • 1. mRNA = messenger RNA, the RNA acts as a messenger • Single uncoiled chain of RNA • Carries genetic info from DNA to outside the nucleus

  3. RNA copies DNACh. 10.2 (p.190-192) • Transcription = literally means rewriting , • Rewriting info on DNA to a molecule of mRNA • Promoter region on DNA is where to start copying, termination region on DNA is where to stop copying

  4. RNA copies DNACh. 10.2 (p.190-192) RNA comes in 3 types • 2. tRNA= transfer RNA, the RNA transfers the info from mRNA into proteins • Single chain of about 80 nucleotides folded into hairpin shape • Kind of looks like a t • Will discuss in 10.3

  5. RNA copies DNACh. 10.2 (p.190-192) RNA comes in 3 types • 3. rRNA= ribosomal RNA, RNA that makes the ribosomes • Ribosomes are where proteins are made • Will discuss in 10.3

  6. RNA copies DNACh. 10.2 (p.190-192)

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