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Explore the rich history of Italian city-states as nobles, merchants, and lower classes vie for power, leading to wars, alliances, and a shift towards humanism and philosophy. Witness the rise and fall of republican governments, conflicts with the Church, and artistic achievements under patronage. Discover the influence of key figures like Cosimo de' Medici and Savonarola in shaping Italy's cultural landscape.
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P • The nobles and merchants wanted to be independent from the bishops and when this happened the created the city-states • middle and lower class citz. can not hold office • middle class rose up and took over nobles and created republican city-stated but they didn't last b/c they destroyed the working class • Milan was overthrown by their army • papal states • endless cycles of wars and alliances caused a problem • Cicero argued that the edu. upper class should provide leadership for society • humanist believed Italy should be united under one man • Italy was taken by Hapsburg • resident ambassadors
E • The merchant class was emerging • made economic family ties
R • Dominican preacher Savonarola tries to bring the Church controlled republic back and was executed by the papacy for heresy • papal states • magi thought Gods are divine humans that were made to help humans
With all the danger from other city-states, the intellectuals looked into the past for information • everyone shifted their attention to humanism then later philosophy (greek) • Discovered secrets to the Pagan world including alchemy, astrology, magic • Oration on the Divinity of Man- series of 900 theses on all knowledge • humanist looked to docs. rather than miracles to explain events I
A • Cosimo de' Medici marked a huge artistic achievement • Cosimo's son overthrew him and was a poet • the church was the biggest contributor of art • patronage art- used to show wealth or power • decorating tombs and churches • famous artist