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IMMIGRATION AND ETHNIC IDENTITY

IMMIGRATION AND ETHNIC IDENTITY. Prof. Jose Alamillo, CSU Channel Islands. Classical Assimilation. Straight-line or unilinear assimilation Unchanged middle-class Protestant Anglo culture “Melting pot” Chicago School of Sociology Milton Gordon (1964).

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IMMIGRATION AND ETHNIC IDENTITY

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  1. IMMIGRATION AND ETHNIC IDENTITY Prof. Jose Alamillo, CSU Channel Islands

  2. Classical Assimilation • Straight-line or unilinear assimilation • Unchanged middle-class Protestant Anglo culture • “Melting pot” • Chicago School of Sociology • Milton Gordon (1964) Israel Zangwill’s 1908 play “Melting Pot”

  3. Neoclassical Assimilation • The first systematic study on U.S. assimilation since the 1960s • Civil rights laws and economic motives  involuntary assimilation • More change and acceptance by today’s American mainstream culture • “Assimilation has reshaped the American mainstream in the past, and it will do so again, culturally, institutionally, demographically.“ • Very optimistic theory

  4. Segmented Assimilation Herb Gans (1992) “Second Generation Decline” Portes & Rumbaut studies on second generation Three Paths of Assimilation: • Upward Assimilation • Downward Assimilation • Selective Acculturation More Pessimistic theory

  5. Ethnic Options • Mary Waters developed the concept of “ethnic options” • Applied to children of European immigrants have the option of choosing whether or not to identify with the ethnicity of their ancestors • Ethnic identity something that is flexible, symbolic and voluntary, not a definitive aspect of their identity, for the descendants of European immigrants

  6. Racialized Assimilation • A longitudinal and inter-generational data to examine Mexican American assimilation across  education, English and Spanish language use, socioeconomic status, intermarriage, residential segregation, ethnic identity, and political participation.   • Low levels of education have resulted in the slow assimilation of Mexican Americans in the US • Persistent racialization of the Mexican population has relegated them to bottom of racial-ethnic hierarchy

  7. Immigrant Replenishment • Continuing immigration from Mexico plays a central role in how Mexican American experiences their ethnic identity. • Immigrant replenishment is a shot in the arm to ethnicity • Argues that Mexican Americans are neither a “conquered population” nor are they “forever foreigners” but a “permanent immigrant group” that is placed in a “in-between position”

  8. Transnational Lives • 17 years of studying migrants from Ticuani, Puebla, Mexico and New York City • Second generation youth grow up in two communities: “bilocal” • “immigrant bargain” • Transnationalism and migrant assimilation not mutually exclusive • Transnationalism allows youth to develop a positive identity of “Mexicanness” that allows them to integrate into US

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