Regulating the Cell Cycle 10.3

1. Regulating the Cell Cycle 10.3 • Topic: 10.3The Cell Cycle and Checkpoints • Learning Target: I can explain how the cell cycle is regulated.

2. Regulating the Cell Cycle: 10.3 Growth factors control whether cells can pass checkpoints and divide G1 checkpoint M checkpoint G2 checkpoint

3. Regulating the Cell Cycle: 10.3 • Density of Cells • Cells anchor to dish surface and divide. When a complete single layer forms they stop dividing. • If some cells are scraped away, the remaining cells divide to fill the dish with a single layer and then stop.

4. Regulating the Cell Cycle: 10.3 • Growth factor can cause more cell division.

5. Regulating the Cell Cycle 10.3 • Topic: 10.3 Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Growth • Learning Target: I can explain how cancer cells are different from other cells.

6. Regulation the Cell Cycle: 10.3 • Cancer: is a disorder in which body cells lose the ability to control cell growth. • Cancer cells divide uncontrollably to form a mass of cell called tumor.

7. Regulating the Cell Cycle: 10.3 • Types of tumor • Benign tumor: Noncancerous, does not spread to surrounding healthy tissue. • Malignant tumor: Cancerous, invades and destroys surrounding healthy tissue and can spread to other parts of the body. • Metastasis: The spreading of cancer cells. • Cancer cells absorb nutrients needed by other cells, block nerve connections, and prevent organs from functioning.

8. Regulating the Cell Cycle: 10.3 What Causes Cancer • Cancers:are caused by defects in genes that regulate growth and division. • Sources of gene defects • Smoking tobacco • Radiation exposure • Defective genes • Viral infection

9. Regulating the Cell Cycle: 10.3 Treatments for Cancer • Some localized tumors can be removed bysurgery. • Many tumors can be treated with radiation. • Chemotherapyis the use of compounds that kill or slow the growth of cancer cells.