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4. Array - 陣列. Array – 陣列. 一連串同樣型態的變數 Eg: 身高陣列 Dim a() as Integer a(0)=173, a(1)=159, a(2)=180 …. Example. ' 宣告 Temperature 為整數陣列，並且初始化 Temperature 的值 ' 在這裡我們填入了 12 個值，代表每個月份的平均溫度 Dim Temperature() As Integer = {15, 17, 20, 23, 26, 30, 35, 35, 33, 32, 28, 25}
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Array –陣列 • 一連串同樣型態的變數 • Eg: 身高陣列 Dim a() as Integer • a(0)=173, a(1)=159, a(2)=180 …
Example '宣告Temperature為整數陣列，並且初始化Temperature的值 '在這裡我們填入了12個值，代表每個月份的平均溫度 Dim Temperature() As Integer = {15, 17, 20, 23, 26, 30, 35, 35, 33, 32, 28, 25} '宣告變數sum，用來計算12個月份的平均溫度 Dim sum As Double '利用ForEach迴圈來加總每個月份的平均溫度 For Each con As Integer In Temperature sum += con Next sum /= 12 TextBox1.Text = sum 建立了一個陣列 可以用For Each迴圈，列舉出所有陣列的值 sum=sum/12
陣列機制 執行結果如下：
範例 4-3 Sub main() dim username() ={“Eric”, “Mary”, “Amy”, “Lisa”, “Alax”} for i as integer =0 to UBound(username) Console.writeline(“陣列中第”& I & “個元素值為:” & username(i)) next Console.readkey() End sub
For Each …Next For Each element [As type] In Array [statement] Next • eg: for each score as single in scores
範例4-4 平均溫度 Sub Main() Dim temprature() As Integer = {15, 17, 20, 23, 26, 30, 35, 35, 33, 32, 28, 25} Dim sum, average As Double Dim i As Integer For i = 0 To UBound(temprature) sum = sum + temprature(i) Next average = sum / 12 Console.WriteLine("平均溫度為" & average) Console.ReadKey() End Sub
隨堂練習 4-5 • 建立一個程式，讓使用者輸入班上五位學員的考試成績(0-100)，並且計算出平均分數，最後列出考試成績優於平均分數的學生。 • 提示：利用陣列機制
Sub Main() Dim score(4, 1) As String Dim i As Integer Dim sum, avg As Single For i = 0 To 4 Console.Write("請輸入第" & i + 1 & "位同學的名字:") score(i, 0) = Console.ReadLine Console.Write("請輸入第" & i + 1 & "位同學的成績:") score(i, 1) = Console.ReadLine Next For i = 0 To 4 sum = sum + score(i, 1) Next avg = sum / 5 Console.WriteLine("平均為:" & avg) Console.Write("高於平均名單為:") For i = 0 To 4 If score(i, 1) >= avg Then Console.Write(i+1 & “:” & score(i, 0) & " ") End If Next Console.ReadKey() End Sub
隨堂練習 4-6 精品的價格根據種類有不同的折扣。其計算公式如下: 實售價 = 定價 * 折扣 某日陳董帶著加零小姐來到精品店，精品店共有下列產品: 請撰寫一VB程式，利用函式來計算實售價，並且回答下列問題。 (A) 請問陳董要買下全部精品，需要多少錢? (B) 陳董的預算為200000元，請問哪些”項次”可以購買(實售價小於200000)? (C) 續上題,可購買的品名為何?
Sub Main() Dim item(,) As Single = {{300000, 0.7, 0}, {100000, 0.3, 0}, {200000, 0.7, 0}, {120000, 0.6, 0}, {60000, 0.75, 0}, {180000, 0.2, 0}, {1000000, 0.43, 0}, {500000, 0.62, 0}} Dim name() As String = {"瘦山動物園鱷魚女皮鞋", "LB經典花紋長夾", "PRAD惡魔女洋裝", "古奇時尚保齡球包", "巴巴瑞經典化妝包", "箱奈兒五號香水", "抹茶花滿天星鑚表", "魔戒200克拉精靈美鑚"} Dim i, sum As Single For i = 0 To UBound(item) item(i, 2) = item(i, 0)*item(i, 1) Next For i = 0 To UBound(item) sum = sum + item(i, 2) Next Console.WriteLine("購買所有精品總共需要" & sum & "元") Console.WriteLine("陳董買的起下列精品:") For i = 0 To UBound(item) If item(i, 2) < 200000 Then Console.WriteLine(i + 1 & ". " & name(i)) End If Next Console.ReadKey() End Sub
隨堂練習 4-7 樂透 • 請撰寫一樂透彩程式，讓使用者輸入五個小於39且不重複的數字當成押注號碼。電腦會自動產生五個不重複的號碼當成開獎結果。比對兩者號碼得出中獎組數，各獲得下面所述之金額。
