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Social Structure and Norms Review

Social Structure and Norms Review. Blackhurst. Agenda. It’s been a while… so let’s review what we’ve learned. . Norms More, Folkways, Laws. American Values Robin Williams’. 8. 7. 6. 5. 3. 2. 1. 4. Culture Material and Non-material culture.

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Social Structure and Norms Review

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  1. Social Structure and Norms Review Blackhurst

  2. Agenda It’s been a while… so let’s review what we’ve learned.  NormsMore, Folkways, Laws American ValuesRobin Williams’ 8 7 6 5 3 2 1 4 CultureMaterial and Non-material culture Culture ChangeDiffusion, Discovery and Invention SanctionsFormal, Informal, Positive, Negative Subcultureand Countercultures ValuesHow can we tell what a society values? Components of CultureTaboos, Symbols, Language

  3. Norms Mores, Folkways, Laws Laws are mores formalized into laws. Mores Folkways • Have a greater moral significance • Violations of Mores endangers the well-being & stability of society • Do not kill other people • Do not steal • Do not hurt children • Keep your promises • Pay back borrowed money • Rules that cover customary practices without a moral concern • Males—take off hats inside a building • Sending “Thank You” notes • Using proper table manners • Do not eat peas with your fingers • Shake hands when you are introduced to someone • Get to class on time • Do your homework • Do not cut in line

  4. Can you come up with more examples of material/non-material culture? Culture Material and Non-material Material Culture. The concrete, tangible objects of a culture. All of these physical aspects of a culture help to define its members‘ behaviors and perceptions. Ex: Art pieces, sculptures, computers Non-Material Culture. Non-Material Culture---ideas, knowledge, and beliefs that influence people’s behaviors

  5. Sanctions Formal, Informal, Positive and Negative • What are the possible sanctions for someone who received a D in Sociology on their report card? • Negative – Having a “D” bring your gpa down. • Positive – none • Formal – Teacher calls home. • Informal – Your friends make fun of you because they know sociology is an easy class.

  6. Values How can we tell what a society values? • Societies values show up in their norms. • If a culture values a specific set of rules for it’s people, it will impose those rules upon the people by making them conform to norms.

  7. American Values Robin Williams • (1) Achievement and Success • (2) Individualism • (3) Activity and Work • (4) Efficiency and Practicality • (5) Science and Technology • (6) Progress • (7) Material Comfort • (8) Humanitarianism • (9) Freedom • (10) Democracy • (11) Equality • (12) Racism and Group Superiority • (13) Education • (14) Religiosity • (15) Romantic Love

  8. Culture Change Diffusion, Discovery and Invention Diffusion - process of spreading culture traits from society to society. Technology and material traits diffuse faster than beliefs and ideas. Discovery – societies creating culture based on discovery for new uses of former ways to conform Ex: Light bulb (There was always a way to light a room with a candle. They discovered a new way.) Invention – Creation of culture traits and patterns from new elements in a society

  9. Subculture And counterculture. • Subculture  a group that is part of the dominant culture but that differs from it in some important respects • Counterculture a subculture deliberately and consciously opposed to certain central beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture

  10. Culture Components

  11. Culture Symbols, Language Symbols stand for or represent something else. Some symbols have greater meaning than others. Language affects culture in different ways. It helps define reality by restricting thought to available words. It shapes behavior in the same manner. Equipped with language, humans can pass their experiences, ideas, and knowledge to others.

  12. Arapesh v. Mundugumor What did we learn about their personalities compared with their culture? • Who studied these cultures?Margaret MeadWhere did she study?New GuineaWhen did she study?1930s • Why did she study these people?Her purpose was to determine whether differences in personal temperament results mainly from inherited characteristics or cultural influences.

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