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Hurricane Katrina and the BP Catastrophe: Consequences of Continuing Disasters*

Hurricane Katrina and the BP Catastrophe: Consequences of Continuing Disasters*. J. Steven Picou , Ph.D. University of South Alabama *Plenary address for Community Wellness Conference, May 24, 2011, Biloxi, MS. Global Catastrophes. Local catastrophes. Hurricane Ivan: 2004.

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Hurricane Katrina and the BP Catastrophe: Consequences of Continuing Disasters*

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  1. Hurricane Katrina and the BP Catastrophe: Consequences of Continuing Disasters*

    J. Steven Picou, Ph.D. University of South Alabama *Plenary address for Community Wellness Conference, May 24, 2011, Biloxi, MS.
  2. Global Catastrophes
  3. Local catastrophes
  4. Hurricane Ivan: 2004 Top wind speeds: 165 mph (category 5) $18 billion (2004 USD) in damages 10th most intense Atlantic hurricane 121 deaths across 10 countries Spawned 117 tornadoes in the US Formed: September 2 , 2004 Dissipated: September 24, 2004
  5. Hurricane Katrina: 2005 Top wind speeds: 165 mph (category 5) $81 billion (2005 USD) in damages 6thmost intense Atlantic hurricane 1,836 deaths in the US 90,000 sq. miles in damage (size of United Kingdom) Formed: August 23, 2005 Dissipated: August 30, 2005
  6. BP Oil Spill: 2010 11 deaths Spill date: 20 April – 15 July 2010 Well officially sealed: 19 September 2010 Estimates of oil spilled: 205 million gallons Economic losseson home values estimated to be $648 million over one year to as much as $3 billion over five years.* *http://www.realestateindustrynews.com/real-estate-market/gulf-oil-spill-could-cost-coastal-homeowners-up-to-3-billion-in-home-values/
  7. MS-AL Tornadoes 270 people died Losses are estimated up to$5.7 billion dollars
  8. MS River Flooding: 2011 At least 10 states affected Agricultural loss estimates are $2 billion Mississippi River is 48 feet above flood state Over 9000 people homeless.
  9. Traditional Natural & Technological Disaster Stage Models* Natural DisastersTechnological Disasters Warning Warning ThreatThreat ImpactImpact ? RescueRescue ? InventoryInventory / ? RemedyRemedy ? Recovery Recovery ? Rehabilitation Rehabilitation *S.R Couch, 1996. “Environmental Contamination, Community transformation and The CentruliaMine Fire” in J.K. Mitchell (ed.) The Long Road to Recovery. Tokyo. UN Press
  10. Na tech Disaster A series of releases of toxic and hazardous chemicals occurring both directly and indirectly Associated with massive physical damage to the built and modified environments Resulting from “natural” disasters Examples Levee overtopping and breaches Oil spills Chemical releases
  11. Estimates of the Amount of Oil Spilled: EVOS, Hurricane Katrina and BPOS
  12. Hurricane Katrina August 29, 2005 Deadly meteorological event Massive contamination event At least 70 oil and chemical spills reported Rita caused 54 oil chemical spills 595 spills, National Response Center Damaged 457 pipelines Destroyed 113 drilling platforms At least 9 million gallons of oil spilled 54 hazardous waste sites affected  31 Superfund sites in LA 466 chemical, manufacturing, and sewage facilities 3 million cubic yards of mud and sediment
  13. Hurricane Katrina flooded and contaminated drinking water supplies; multiple oil spills, typically from above-ground tanks; leaking underground tanks containing fuel and chemicals; flooded sewage treatment plants; building debris that is cultivating harmful molds flooded buildings, lagoons, lots, and individual containers containing a wide array of toxic chemicals that were washed out into the ambient environment; the concentrated residue of many fires spread into the environment; contaminated sediment and other sludge throughout the city; and toxic exposure of cleanup and other workers as a result of this pollution.
  14. Katrina Disaster Area: 49 counties for full Federal assistance (yellow shading). Adams County: reported 2 deaths. Forrest County: reported 7 deaths. Harrison County: reported 126 deaths. Hancock County: reported 51 deaths. Hinds County: reported 1 death. Jackson County: reported 12 deaths, and 2 tornadoes. Jasper County: reported 1 tornado. Jones County: reported 12 deaths. Kemper County: reported 1 tornado. Lamar County: reported 1 tornado. Lauderdale County: reported 2 deaths, and 1 tornado. Leake County: reported 1 death, and 3 tornadoes. Lowndes County: reported 1 tornado. Neshoba County: reported 2 tornadoes. Oktibbeha County: reported 1 tornado. Pearl River County: reported 17 deaths. Simpson County: reported 1 death. Scott County: reported 1 tornado. Stone County: reported 1 death. Warren County: reported 1 death. Winston County: reported 1 tornado. FEMA-1604-DR Mississippi Disaster Declaration as of 10/27/2005" (map), FEMA, ITS Mapping and Analysis Center, Washington, DC, 2005-10-27, webpage: FEMA-1604-pdf
  15. Destruction along the Mississippi Coast
  16. Methods Telephone interviews were conducted with Mississippi residents in coastal counties in 2008 and then again in 2010. The survey focused on the social, psychological impacts of Katrina on residents. The next two slides illustrate the area where survey participants resided. Telephone interviews were conducted with residents in south Mobile county in 2010.
  17. Community Consequences
  18. Comparison of Depression and Intrusive Stress Means for MS and LA Residents
  19. Comparison of Housing Situations of MS and LA Katrina Victims, 2008
  20. Comparisons of Governmental Trust Means for MS and LA
  21. Social Impacts of Hurricane Katrina on Mississippi Residents
  22. Perceptions of the Public Response and Social Recovery of Mississippi Residents, 2010
  23. Beliefs that Their Communities and Families have Completely Recovered of Mississippi Residents, 2010
  24. Belief that the BPOS will Affect Community Recovery from Katrina of Mississippi Residents, 2010
  25. Disaster Victims Stating They Have No Trust or Very Little Trust in the Federal Government and State Governments: EVOS and Hurricane Katrina
  26. Self-Reported Health Problems Before and After Katrina among Mississippi Respondents
  27. Fear of Toxic Exposure of Mississippi Residents: Percent Strongly Agreeing or Agreeing
  28. Mississippi Residents Perceptions of the Role of Faith-Based Groups in Recovery
  29. Mississippi Residents Perceptions of Recovery
  30. Conclusions Katrina and BP social impacts are long-term, synergistic and cumulative. Community disruption will continue. Loss of trust will erode social capital. Family conflict. Isolation and hopelessness expressed. Physical and mental health problems. Fear of toxic exposure. Local recovery projected for decades.
  31. What Can We Do? Make recovery a long-term goal for local organizations. Build social capital at the grass roots level. Continue positive efforts of faith-based and volunteer groups. Creative alternatives for therapy-peer listener training. Expand PLT networks. Empower individuals and communities. Educate and prepare.
  32. The Therapeutic Cycle *Chamlee-Wright, Emily. 2006. After the Storm: Social Capital Regrouping in the Wake of Hurricane Katrina. Global Prosperity Initiative. Arlington, VA: Mercatus Center, George Mason University.
  33. Questionswww.stevenpicou.com/www.masgc.org/peerlisteningpicou@centurytel.net Questionswww.stevenpicou.com/www.masgc.org/peerlisteningpicou@centurytel.net
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