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Preference Based Spatial Decision Support A dialogue based spatial query

Preference Based Spatial Decision Support A dialogue based spatial query. Claudia Achatschitz Institute for Geoinformation and Cartography TU Vienna. Problem. Problem. 1) User preferences are not considered 2) More than 7 +/- 2 elements. Overview. Tourist Information Systems Decisions

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Preference Based Spatial Decision Support A dialogue based spatial query

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  1. Preference Based Spatial Decision SupportA dialogue based spatial query Claudia AchatschitzInstitute for Geoinformation and CartographyTU Vienna GEOGERAS '06

  2. Problem GEOGERAS '06

  3. Problem 1) User preferences are not considered 2) More than 7 +/- 2 elements GEOGERAS '06

  4. Overview Tourist Information Systems Decisions Human Computer InteractionCurrent QuestionDialogue based spatial query Conclusion and Future Work GEOGERAS '06

  5. Information Systems Information System Two extremes: • Huge amount of information • No relevant information at all Improving the interaction process Recurring opportunities to set preferences Preferences and priorities should be considered GEOGERAS '06

  6. Decision Making Process Information Systems Decisions • Goal of decision • Alternatives • Selection Strategy • Risky, risk less decision strategies • rational decision strategies • Static / dynamic • Linear / cyclic GEOGERAS '06

  7. Cyclic/dynamic Decision Information Systems Decisions Is there really a structured decision process? Do we pass through the same process many times until we come to a decision? (Henry Mintzberg, 2001) • Dynamic: Factors change as the process moves on • Cyclic: Decision Maker can go through the same steps again and again until he can make a final decision. GEOGERAS '06

  8. Current Question Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Is it possible that the user transmits a model of himself to the information system? • What tools are therefore available to the user? • Is there an approach that fits my decision problem best? GEOGERAS '06

  9. User Assistance Information Systems Decisions Interactions • User Interface Agents – operating parallel to the user, try to retrieve information (Daniel D’Aloisi, 1995) EXTERNALAGENT INTERFACE AGENT USER Query INTERALAGENT Retrieved Data GEOGERAS '06

  10. User Assistance Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Plan recognition – observation of user action – plan inference (Sandra Carberry 2000, Neil Lesh, 1997). GOAL USER GOAL Observation of Action GOAL GOAL GOAL Action GEOGERAS '06

  11. User Assistance Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Dynamic Queries – user formulates query through graphical widgets (Ben Shneiderman 1998) Database is represented in a graphical way (Christopher Ahlberg et al. 1995) USER 100 0 GEOGERAS '06

  12. Dialogue Based Spatial Query Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Collaboration • User provides information actively • Dialogue based approach combined with direct manipulation interface approach • Dialogue – establishes preferences • Direct Manipulation interface USER Feedback Loop 100 0 GEOGERAS '06

  13. Dialogue Based Spatial Query Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Conversation metaphor – System and user perform a conversation • User directly manipulates the interface and sets preferences • Changing preferences will lead to a revision of the presented information • Feed back loop • User has the tools create a user model of himself GEOGERAS '06

  14. Dialogue Based Spatial Query Information Systems Decisions Interactions • A goal exists • Available alternatives determine the preferences a user can state. • Preferences support or restrict the achievement of a goal • User preferences are factors that the user is aware of and is able to influence. GEOGERAS '06

  15. Dialogue Based Spatial Query Information Systems Decisions Interactions Interaction process determines the user’s preferences and the user model GEOGERAS '06

  16. Conclusions & Future Work Conclusion & Future Work Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Different approaches model human computer interaction process. • Important – Support the paradigm of data retrieval which is based on the users desires an not on the available data sources GEOGERAS '06

  17. Conclusions & Future Work Conclusion & Future Work Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Dialogue based spatial query approach provides the user with tools to determine a user model including his preferences. • Supports the dynamic and cyclic character of a decision making process. • Information relevant to the user’s question is displayed GEOGERAS '06

  18. Conclusions & Future Work Conclusion & Future Work Information Systems Decisions Interactions • Further investigation considering the interaction process • Formalizing the dialogue based spatial query • Investigate interface design • Create an interface for that query • Relaunch of the campground example GEOGERAS '06

  19. Thank you! GEOGERAS '06

  20. PHD Hypothesis Data sets have to be included into the spatial decision making process iff they describe facts that appear in the users utility function. GEOGERAS '06

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