CS480/580 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Shuiwang Ji

1. CS480/580 Introduction to Artificial IntelligenceShuiwangJi

2. General information • Instructor: ShuiwangJi • Office hours: Monday and Wednesday, 4:30PM-5:30PM, or by appointment • Office location: E&CS 3204 • E-mail: sji@cs.odu.edu • Research interests: machine learning, data mining, computer vision, computational biology • Course Homepage: http://www.cs.odu.edu/~sji/classes/fall2010/AI/

3. Textbooks • Main text: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 3rd Edition, by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig http://aima.cs.berkeley.edu/ • LISP programming: Practical Common Lisp by Peter Seibel http://www.gigamonkeys.com/book/ Other LISP books also work

4. Grading • Graduates and undergraduates will be graded separately • Homework: • Undergraduate (30%): there will be 4-5 homework • Graduate: (25%): there will be 3-4 homework • Term paper (5%): ONLY for graduate students • Project (30%): there will be 2-3 projects • Exam (40%): • Exam 1: 10% • Exam 2: 10% • Final exam 20% All homework and projects are strictly individual

5. LISP programming • Projects will involve LISP programming • Use Lisp-in-a-box (link from the class page) • Easy to install and use • A free book on LISP is available • Partial code will ONLY be provided in LISP • Need LISP tutorial lecture?

6. Project grading • Partial code in LISP will be provided • Students are asked to program the core algorithms • Some example inputs will be given, and the outputs and analysis are graded • Grading criteria • General structure: 10% • Project report: 30% • Correctness: 60%

7. Course overview • Intelligent agent architecture • Problem-solving by searching • Constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) • Propositional logic • First-order logic • Probabilistic inference and Bayesian networks • Planning and Markov decision processes (MDP) • Machine learning

8. Class homepage • The class is temporally run through the homepage:http://www.cs.odu.edu/~sji/classes/fall2010/AI • Switch to blackboard later on • Not hardcopy handouts, check class homepage/blackboard regularly

9. What is AI?

10. Two central questions Humanly or rationally Thinking or acting Rational: does the “right thing” given what is knows

11. Definitions of AI Humanly or rationally Thinking or acting

12. Think humanly: cognitive science Do we want a machine that beats humans in chess or a machine that thinks like humans while beating humans in chess? DeepBluesupposedly DOESN’T think like humans

13. Think rationally: law of thought Not easy to take informal knowledge and state it in the formal terms required by logical notation Reasoning on real-world problems is computationally demanding

14. Acting humanly: The Turing test • Natural language processing • Knowledge representation • Automated reasoning • Machine learning Mechanical flight became possible only when people decided to stop emulating birds…

15. Acting rationally: rational agent • Making correct inference is sometimes part of being a rational agent • Correct inference is not all of rationality • There are ways of acting rationally that cannot be said to involve inference

16. The rational agent approach Humanly or rationally Thinking or acting

17. Rational agent

18. AI prehistory

19. Why AI?

20. Only thing Microsoft & Google agrees • “If you invent a breakthrough in artificial intelligence, so machines can learn," Mr. Gates responded, "that is worth 10 Microsofts."(Quoted in NY Times, Monday March 3, 2004) • No. 1: AI at human level in 10-20 year time frame • Sergey Brin & Larry Page (independently, when asked to name the top 5 areas needing research. Google Faculty Summit, July 2007)

21. ENIAC: The beginning of computing age (1946)

22. Three fundamental questions in our age • Origin of the Universe • Origin of life • Nature of intelligence • Along with molecular biology, AI is regularly cited as the “field I would most like to be in” by scientists in other disciplines

23. The age before AI I propose to consider the question: “Can machines think?” --Alan Turing, 1950

24. 1956: A new field is born • We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. • - Dartmouth AI Project Proposal; J. McCarthy et al.; Aug. 31, 1955.

25. 1997: Deep blue vs. I could feel human-level intelligence across the room -Gary Kasparov, World Chess Champion (human)

26. 2005: Cars drive themselves • Stanley and three other cars drive themselves over a 132 mile mountain road

27. 2005: Robots play soccer

28. 2006: AI Celebrates its Golden Jubilee…

29. Visual object recognition Sample images from the PASCAL Visual Object Classes Challenge

30. Action recognition Sample video frames from the TRECVID video surveillance evaluation

31. Autonomous robot Mars Exploration Rover Learning Applied to Ground Robots (LAGR)

32. Medical diagnosis

33. ..and thankfully You step in to take CS 480/580 Welcome!

34. What we will do? • Major AI topics: problem-solving by search, constraint satisfaction problems, logic reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, planning, machine learning • Practical implementation, such as 8-puzzle

35. Next class • Intelligent agent architecture • Read Chapter 2 of AIMA