1 / 37

PACS 4500

PACS 4500. Senior Seminar in Peace and Conflict Studies Section 001 Guy Burgess. Reading Reflections / D2L Grades. Level of Effort Number of Points Evidence of Having Done the Readings Personal Reflections Timeliness. Project Ideas?. Coleman’s Definition: The Five Percent.

keagan
Download Presentation

PACS 4500

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. PACS 4500 Senior Seminar in Peace and Conflict Studies Section 001 Guy Burgess

  2. Reading Reflections / D2L Grades • Level of Effort • Number of Points • Evidence of Having Done the Readings • Personal Reflections • Timeliness

  3. Project Ideas?

  4. Coleman’s Definition: The Five Percent http://www.fivepercentbook.com/ • Framing questions for RR2:  • Which of Coleman et al ideas seem most useful and why? How do they apply to the "real world?" • Which seem most "whacky" and why?

  5. Advice for the 95% • Know what type of conflict you are in • Not all conflicts are bad • Whenever possible, cooperate • Be flexible • Do not personalize • Listen carefully • Be fair, firm, and friendly

  6. Limits of social science • They compare fluid things to fix things • They think in straight lines • The privilege the short-term • They focus on problems • They marginalize emotions • They are overly simplistic • They are overly complex • They feed the research practice gap • They miss unintended consequences of well-intentioned acts

  7. The Five Percent • Power of history • Complicated but simple • Illusion of free will • Short-term thinking • Resist conflict management strategies

  8. The 57 Essences • Domination: a deep desire for power and control of others. • 2. Inequity: history of colonialism, racism, sexism, ethnocentrism, or human rights abuses. • 3. Gender: situations where men, who are responsible for the vast majority of violence, are in charge. • 4. Divide and conquer: high-power groups (HPGs) manipulating low-power groups’ (LPGs’) ethnic differences. • 5. Cracks in the facade: conditions where HPGs’ control of historical and cultural meaning through history textbooks, media, official accounts, etc. becomes compromised. • 6. Delegitimization of hierarchy-legitimating myths: challenges to ideologies, narratives, and policies that validate hierarchical power arrangements. • 7. Structural victimization of LPGs: denial of identity, security, and voice. • 8. Structural violence toward LPGs: unequal access to housing, health care, nutrition, education, etc. • 9. Lack of awareness: an insulated and inattentive HPG. • 10. Accumulation of indignities: pervasive patterns of “civilized oppression” by HPGs against LPGs. • 11. Seismic shifts: periods of rapid social change and instability. • 12. Tainted infrastructure: compromised institutions, laws, and social norms for conflict regulation. • 13. Looking up: changes in LPGs’ aspirations. • 14. Power shifts: changes in the balance of power between HPGs and LPGs. • 15. Ambiguity of power: unclear relative status of groups in conflict, leading to more volatility. • 16. Anarchy: the complete collapse of social order. • 17. Dialogic poles: underlying issues rife with consequential trade-offs. • 18. Paradoxical dilemmas: issues that, when resolved, create new problems. • 19. Intricate interconnections of issues: complex connections among distinct issues. • 20. High centrality: issues that have high personal or group-based importance. • 21. Truth: issues that revolve around important, basic beliefs. • 22. Hub issues: grievances embedded within broad beliefs, ideologies, and basic assumptions. • 23. Exclusive structures that keep groups isolated and out of contact from each other. • 24. Inescapable relationships: relationships from which it is virtually impossible to exit. • 25. Collapsed relationships: relationships damaged beyond repair by conflict. • 26. Intense mixed motives: high-stakes conflicts with a mix of cooperative and competitive goals. • 27. Intractable core: fundamentally unsolvable issues. • 28. Polarized collective identities: group identities based on the negation and destruction of the “other.” • 29. Conflict identities: group identities organized around an ongoing conflict. • 30. Monolithic and exclusive identities: all different aspects of in-groups and out-groups collapse into single entities. • 31. Frozen identities: personal and group identities become rigid and unresponsive to change. • 32. Unconscious needs and defenses: motives that are operative but difficult to identify and address. • 33. Intragroup divisions and factions: internal group divisions drive intergroup conflict. • 34. Hidden agendas: covert or criminal objectives that drive the overt conflict. • 35. Emotional contagion: the pervasive spread of toxic emotions such as humiliation, deprivation, loss, and rage. • 36. Memorialized conflict: conflict driven by a sense of duty and loyalty to those harmed in the past.

  9. The Frame Problem • The object problem • The subjectivity problem • A set of two data processing problems • The problem of dynamism • Promotion to destruction • Concrete abstract • Objectivity to subjectivity • Long-term the short-term

  10. Coleman The Mathematics of Middle East Conflict and Peace“ • Capitalize on current regional instability • Decouple the conflict. • Work from the bottom up. • Stop making peace. • Identify and support indigenous repellers for violence

  11. Fractals Is all conflict is local?

  12. Complicated vs. Complex Systems

  13. Complicated Systems Mechanical Metaphor-based

  14. Complicated Systems http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ve4M4UsJQo

  15. Chaos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JzMJNMYbRw

  16. Directed from Washington Model

  17. Complicated “Chain of Command”

  18. The Alternative, Complexity-Oriented Peacebuilding Organic Metaphor-based Recognizing that the course of conflict results from the cumulative decisions of millions of individuals.

  19. Mermeration http://vimeo.com/31158841

  20. Non-Human Eco-Systems https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_Bx1mdVMyc

  21. Human Eco-Systems http://www.npr.org/blogs/krulwich/2013/06/10/190468911/the-most-dangerous-traffic-circle-in-the-world

  22. Individual vs. Ecosystem-Centric

  23. Ecodynamics Biogenetics vs. Noogenetics

  24. Darwin and Smith

  25. Ecodynamics • Mutation • Selection • Niche • Relationships • Mutualism • Commensalism • Amensalism • Competition • Antagonism (Predation, Parasitism) • Neutralism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_interaction

  26. Eco-System Betterment? • Draft “mission statement” of an organization devoted to improving the biological ecosystem. • Draft “mission statement” of an organization devoted to improving the social ecosystem. • Focus on the entire ecosystem not just the welfare of particular species or individuals.

  27. Complicated vs. Complex Systems I Complex Medical View System Evolved Through Processes of Natural and Social Selection No Plans Exist—Only Observational Studies and Theories Decentralized, Multiple Independent Actors Adaptive / Chaotic Complicated • Engineering View • System Consciously Designed by Humans • Complete Plans of the System Are Available • Unified Command-and-control Structure • Deterministic

  28. Complicated vs. Complex Systems II Complex Workings of only some system components understood Only incremental fixes/improvements Applies to complex, real-world systems Medicine, Ecosystem management, Internet, Economy, Social conflict Complicated • Workings of all system components are understood • Complete repair possible • Applies to simpler, designed systems • Space shuttle • Computers

  29. Complicated vs. Complex Systems III Complex Some problems (pathologies/diseases) can be diagnosed and treated, others cannot—treatment varies from: Complete Cure Symptomatic Relief No Successful Treatment -- Chronic Condition -- “Live with It” No Successful Treatment -- “Terminal” Focus on the most threatening pathologies Complicated • All malfunctions can be troubleshooted and repaired (given sufficient funds and political will)

  30. General Systems Theory Levels of Systems Kenneth Boulding, “Skeleton of Science” • Framework • Clockwork • Throughput • Feedback • Cellular • Botanical • Zoological • Psychological • Social Engineered Systems Evolutionary Systems

  31. Metaphors: Herding Cats? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pk7yqlTMvp8 Moving Food Bowls?

  32. Conductor vs. Improvisation Orchestra Model Jazz Band Model

  33. Strategic Corporal

  34. The E-Bay vs. Unity of Effort

  35. Specialization, Division of LaborMassively Parallel Peacebuilding

  36. Micro, Meso, Macro Peacebuilding Fractals

  37. Remediality, Incrementalism Herbert Simon Charles Lindblom

More Related