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7CD Variation and feeding relationships. Try to match the card with its definition. Now lets think about this classroom …. HW Booklet. Adaptations. What are adaptations? Name an animal adapted to a desert climate. Name a plant adapted to a desert climate.
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Adaptations • What are adaptations? • Name an animal adapted to a desert climate. • Name a plant adapted to a desert climate. • Name 2 animals adapted to an arctic climate.
Adaptation Adaptation is a special characteristic that allows an organism to survive in a particular environment. Adaptations may be: • physical appearance (morphology) • internal systems (physiology) • something an organism does (behaviour)
Marine Habitat • Seas and oceans • Salty water • Warm and cold water
A Shark’s General Adaptations streamlined shapeto reduce friction when moving through water gills have alarge surface areaso that oxygen can be extracted from the surrounding water finsprovide stability, power and control What are a shark’s general adaptations to life in an aquatic environment? (morphology) (morphology) (morphology)
A Shark’s Specific Adaptations specialised sense organscan detect the sound, movement and electrical fields of other organisms highly sensitive sense of smellthat can detect drops of blood from miles away lots ofvery sharp teeththat are constantly replaced silver colouringunderneath acts as camouflage What are a shark’s specific adaptations to life as an aquatic predator? (physiology) (physiology) (morphology) (morphology)
How many different types of habitat can you think of? Make a list.
Marine • Arctic • Desert: hot & cold • Woodland / forest • River / lake • Tropical rainforest • Grasslands • Rocky • Bogs / marshes • Urban (gardens / parks) / farmland
Cold climates Temperatures: • arctic winter can dip to -51oC • warmest month is between 10oC and 0oC • Often permanent snow & ice
List as many adaptations to the cold climate as you can: • Thick oily fur coats • Layers of blubber under the skin • May change colour in the summer • Small ears • Large furry feet • Often longer snout • Rounded body shape
Body Shape Have fat, round body shapes with short legs. Why is this important?
Hot Desert Climates Temperatures: • Can reach 45 – 50oC during the day • Can fall below 0oC at night • Less than 25cm rain a year
List as many adaptations to the desert climate that you can: • Large thin ears • Little body fat • Thin silky fur • Long limbs to help spread the heat • They often are only active at night • More elongated body shape
Which shows an animal from a hot climate and which from a cold climate? cold hot
Question: • If a polar bear lived in a desert: • What colour would the polar bear be so it was camouflage? • Would it still have thick fir? • What would it eat?
Compare these two animals… Desert Fox Arctic Fox Draw a table to compare their adaptations to their environments.
Plants in Cold Climates http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/learningzone/clips/5506/ • ‘land of the midnight sun’ Cold all year except for short period over the summer No trees • temperature range = - 54 to 21° C Alaska, Siberia, Scandinavia
Arctic Willow Saxifrage Bearberry Arctic flower
Arctic plant adaptations • Plants are small - usually less than 30cm tall to avoid wind • Plants are dark - helps them absorb solar heat. • Small waxy leaves / needles • Some plants are covered with hair • Some plants grow in clumps for protection • Some plants have dish-like flowers that follow the sun
Trees • many trees are evergreen • many trees have needle-like leaves to lose less water • waxy coating on needles • needles are dark in colour • trees have branches that droop downward
Plants in Dry Climates Adaptations: Can you think of any? Make a list.
Spines to protect from being eaten • Plants slower growing so require less energy • Flowers that open at night lure pollinators who tend to be active during the night • Hair help shade the plant, reducing water loss
Some plants store water in their stems or leaves = succulents • Some plants have no leaves • Long root systems spread out wide or go deep into the ground to absorb water
Question: • Scientists investigated two types of violet plants. One was found more frequently in shade, the shade violet. The other was found more frequently in sunny places, the sun violet. A B a) Which violet is which? Give a reason for your choice. [4] A = _____________________________________________________________________________ B = _____________________________________________________________________________
The number of violets in an area of woodland were counted before and after a large number of trees were removed. The results are shown below. i) State how light conditions would have changed when the trees were removed. [1] ___________________________________________________________________________________ (ii) Which of the plants survived better before the trees were removed? [1] ___________________________________________________________________________________ (iii) What happened to the number of these plants after the trees were removed? [1] ___________________________________________________________________________________
(i) From the table, make a bar chart to show the information for sun violets. [4] • (ii) How would you expect the number of sun violets to change in future if more trees were removed? [1] • __________________________________________________________________________________ • Total: 12 marks
Food chains and webs • Which way do the arrows go in food chains? • What do thearrows show in foodchains? • Giveanexample of a foodchain. • Whatis a food web?
Energy • What is the source of almost all energy on earth? • Where do producers get their energy from? • Where do consumers get their energy from?
Cod King crab
Choosefromone of the 2 options and make a poster tosellyour idea.
Variation • Whatisvariation? • Whyistherevariation of organisms of thesametype? (species) • Why are we similar toourparents?
Meet our Mr Men And our Little Misses Now lets meet their children!
Who do you think are his parents? Write the answers in your book.
