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Unit 1 Vocabulary

Unit 1 Vocabulary. Characteristics of Living things. Chapter 1 – characteristics of life. Biology Organism Environment Cell Unicellular Multicellular Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Species. Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction Growth Development Stimulus Response

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Unit 1 Vocabulary

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  1. Unit 1 Vocabulary Characteristics of Living things

  2. Chapter 1 – characteristics of life • Biology • Organism • Environment • Cell • Unicellular • Multicellular • Photosynthesis • Cellular respiration • Species • Asexual reproduction • Sexual reproduction • Growth • Development • Stimulus • Response • Behavior • Homeostasis • Adaptation • Evolution

  3. Biology Definition: The study of life Word Part: Bio = Life -ology = The study of Examples: Mammology Dendrology Non-examples: Geology Archeaology

  4. organism Definition: Anything that possesses all the characteristics of life Word Part: Examples: House Finch, Black-footed Ferret Non-examples: Water, Air, Fire, Virus

  5. environment Definition: Biotic and abiotic surroundings to which an organism must constantly adjust Word Part: Examples: Internal – blood cells inside organism External – leaf litter to rainforest Non-examples: Just an organism without discussing abiotic factors

  6. cell Definition: Basic unit of all organisms Word Part: cell = small room Examples: All living things are composed of cells Non-examples: Tissues, organs, organ system, organism

  7. unicellular Definition: Single-celled organism Word Part: uni = one cell = small room Examples: Amoeba, bacteria, paramecium Non-examples: Any multicellular organism: Northern Red Maple, Eastern fox squirrel

  8. multicellular Definition: Organisms that consist of more than one cell Word Part: multi = many cell = small room Examples: Blue whale, Red-tailed Hawk Non-examples: Amoeba, bacteria, paramecium

  9. photosynthesis Definition: Process by which autotrophs trap energy from sunlight with chlorophyll and use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple sugars Word Part: photo = light syn- = together with thesis = process Examples: Any autotroph Light dependent and light independent reactions Non-examples: Any heterotroph

  10. Cellular respiration Definition: Chemical process where mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP Word Part: Examples: • Glycolysis • Citric acid cycle • Electron transport chain Non-examples: Any autotroph

  11. species Definition: Group of organisms that can: • interbreed • produce fertile offspring in nature Word Part: spec = to see Examples: Horses, donkeys Non-examples: Mules

  12. Asexual reproduction Definition: Type of reproduction where one parent produces one or more identical offspring without the fusion of gametes Word Part: a- = not, without Examples: Any bacteria Non-examples: Any organism that reproduces with fusion of gametes

  13. Sexual reproduction Definition: Pattern of reproduction that involves the production and fusion of haploid sex cells Word Part: Examples: Any organism reproduces with fusion of gametes Non-examples: Any bacteria

  14. growth Definition: Increase in the amount of living material and formation of new structures in an organism Word Part: Examples: Organism that increase in size, weight, and structures Formation of deer antlers Non-examples: Dying cells or organism

  15. development Definition: All of the changes that take place during the life of an organism Word Part: Examples: A caterpillar that metamorphosize into a butterfly Non-examples: Any changes taking place in a species

  16. stimulus Definition: Anything in an organism’s internal or external environment that causes the organism to react Word Part: Examples: Dehydration, Change of seasons Non-examples: Stomata opening after sun rises

  17. response Definition: An organism’s reaction to a change in its internal or external environment Word Part: Examples: Rising sea level Non-examples: Burning fossil fuels

  18. behavior Definition: Anything an animal does in response to a stimulus in its environment Word Part: Examples: Courtship mating, hibernation Non-examples: Walking, sleeping

  19. homeostasis Definition: Organism’s regulation of its internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for survival Word Part: homeo = same stasis = equilibrium Examples: Sodium-Potassium pump, diabetes, blood pressure Non-examples: Feeding, drinking

  20. adaptation Definition: Evolution of a structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to produce offsrping Word Part: ad- = to aptare = fit Examples: Camouflage, Young immediate starts to run when born Non-examples: Hiding from predator, growing new cells in an organism

  21. evolution Definition: Gradual change in a species through adaptations over time Word Part: -tion = process Examples: The length of giraffe necks as species Non-examples: Any development of an organism

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