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Cold War Developments: Truman Doctrine to Korean Armistice

Explore key events from the Cold War era, including the Baruch Plan, founding of NATO, Korean War, and CIA operations. Witness the tension, conflicts, and espionage that shaped global politics.

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Cold War Developments: Truman Doctrine to Korean Armistice

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Cold War Begins

  2. Keeping Communists in Control • Baruch Plan – give US access to inspect all atomic energy plants • Truman Doctrine – US would help any country fighting Communism • Marshall Plan – economic aid to Europe to promote free institutions

  3. Founding the UN • General Assembly - delegates from all member nations; address global issues • Security Council – addresses military issues & can veto any action by General Assembly

  4. Founding of Israel • After WWII many Jews moved to Palestine (rather than return to Europe) • UN’s first problem • Decided to break Palestine into two countries • One for Jews, one for Arabs

  5. Founding of NATO • NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Defend fellow member nations in case of attack • Warsaw Pact – Only for USSR and other communist nations

  6. Communist Revolution in China • Mao Zedong & communists forced Nationalist Government to island of Taiwan.

  7. Korean War • (after WWII, Allies divided Korea – US took South, USSR occupied North) • North invaded South (1950)

  8. Korean War • US and South Korean forces were overwhelmed at first • UN aided US forces (led by MacArthur) • China enters war to help North Korea

  9. Korean War • MacArthur’s forces stopped at 38th parallel

  10. Truman and MacArthur’s Public Battle • Macarthur wanted intense attack against China • Truman said no (wanted to avoid another World War) • MacArthur criticized the pres. and issued ultimatum to enemy • Truman fired him

  11. Election of 1952 • Korea was big issue • Dwight Eisenhower (R) vs. Adali Stevenson (D) • Eisenhower won in a landslide • (he was immensely popular with the people coming off his success in WWII)

  12. Korean War Ends • Eisenhower increased military raids on N. Korea • (even hinted at usage of nuclear bombs to end conflict) • Armistice • Created 2 countries (w/38th Parallel being the border)

  13. The CIA • Eisenhower authorized a CIA covert coup against Iranian leader (Mosaddeq) • Authorized another operation in Guatemala • (brought back bitter feelings in Latin America)

  14. HUAC • House Un-American Activities Committee • Led by Sen. Joseph McCarthy • (Senator Richard Nixon was also a member of the panel) • Questioned suspected Communists • (liberals, union members, peace organizations, and the Hollywood Ten)

  15. HUAC & Spies • Accused Alger Hiss of being a spy • Hiss broke down after insistent questioning by Nixon • Ethel & Julius Rosenberg • Couple accused of feeding nuclear secrets to Soviets • Executed June 1953

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