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Understanding Charter Schools: History, Governance, and Performance Analysis

Explore the history, governance, funding, and performance of charter schools, assessing satisfaction and frameworks for evaluation. Learn about the challenges and opportunities in the charter school system.

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Understanding Charter Schools: History, Governance, and Performance Analysis

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  1. Charters: Yes, No, Maybe Eric A. Houck, PhD Sheneka Williams, EdD 7 April 2010

  2. Overview • History • Governance • Funding • Performance • Composition • Satisfaction • Frameworks for assessment • Time for discussion

  3. Definition • A charter school is a public school under contract • The contract keeps them public • They cannot discriminate or screen • They may have their charter revoked

  4. History • 1991- first charter law passed in Minnesota • Former Presidents Clinton and Bush supported charter school growth • President Obama ‘s education agenda follows suit

  5. Governance – EMOs and CMOs • EMO – for profit educational maintenance organization • Edison, Academica, others • CMO – not-for profit charter management organization • KIPP, others

  6. Funding • 78% of per pupil expenditures • 76% in urban districts • 15 states with charter school facility funding policies • E.g., Ivy Prep Academy

  7. Governance • 89% of authorizers are local school districts • Other authorizers are state education agencies, some local authorizing boards, institutions of higher education. • 16 not-for-profits (all in MN) • 23 states have charter school caps • Then, there is Georgia…

  8. Performance • Charters underperform non-charter schools in NAEP 4th and 8th grade reading and math, and underperform public schools in AYP status, ACT and SAT test scores • 78% of Georgia charters made AYP in 2008

  9. Performance • However, randomized quasi experiments show no effect or positive effects that run from small to substantial (Hoxby & Rockoff 2004; Hoxby 2007)

  10. Composition • Charter schools are more segregated than non-charter public schools • There are higher proportions of racially isolated white and African American charter schools (Civil Rights Project, 2010) • All public schools are slowly resegregating (Orfield, 2002)

  11. Satisfaction • Charter school enrollment is statistically correlated to greater parental satisfaction in models that control for selection bias (Schneider & Buckley 2006)

  12. Frameworks for assessment: neoconservative • Performance • Competition • Innovation • Creating alternative structure that push the traditional system to greater performance is a net gain for the policy system • This. Has. Not. Happened.

  13. Frameworks for assessment: traditional • Equity • Adequacy • Efficiency • Liberty • Advancing liberty with no detriment to other policy values is a net gain within the policy system • This has arguably happened.

  14. Results: Mixed • What does this mean for charter school proponents nationally? • What does this mean for charter school opponents nationally? • What does this mean for the future of charter schools in Georgia?

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