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Starter! Get out the handout that you have with the Demographic Transition Model Now, look at the different pyramid types below… Question: At which stage of the transition model would you expect to see each pyramid?. Exam question:
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Starter! Get out the handout that you have with the Demographic Transition Model Now, look at the different pyramid types below… Question: At which stage of the transition model would you expect to see each pyramid?
Exam question: Identify the stage of demographic transition in which you would expect to find each pyramid in Figure 1. x y Figure 2above shows the demographic transition model z
What do you think are some of the limitations in the assumptions of this model? • Is this an accurate representation of what is going to happen in all countries as they develop? • Based on data from just 3 countries. • Death rate is not always as steep as they suggest. • Deaths from AIDS related diseases could affect death rate. • Birth rate assumes availability of contraception, that religious practices allow for this and the increased education and literacy of women. • Some countries have compressed the time-scale of changes e.g. the Asian “tiger” economies of Malaysia, Singapore and Hong Kong. • Eurocentric assumes all countries will become industrialized.
How can you make these predictions (what data would you need)? • How useful do you think models are in predicting population growth? • Write a list of 3 implications and 3 limitations of models like this.
Checking outcomes • What are the components of age/sex pyramids? • What are the components of DTMs? • Sketch the age sex pyramid for an MEDC and an LEDC. • Explain what stage of the DTM they would be found at and why. • What are the implications and limitations of modelling different populations – give specific examples.
Exam Question It should take you about 1 mark a minute so I will give you 20 minutes for the following question. Then we shall check the answers for classwork. Now, read each question carefully and identify if there are any questions that you would like to ask. Exam Question Identify which of the pyramids is likely to be drawn from an urban area and which is likely to be from a rural location. [2] Give reasons for your answers to (b). [4] What are the demographic issues likely to be faced in the two contrasting areas? [8]
Answers • Area a –urban; area b – rural [2] • Large loss of males and females aged 20-29 suggests out-migration of young adults from area B – probably due to lack of jobs in a rural environment; increasing size of cohorts in the 20-39 year groups in area A suggests in-migration of workers to an urban area where there are more jobs. [4] • out-migration leads to: loss of young people; decline in number of educated / innovative people; ageing population with increased death rates and reduced birth rates; size of the local market (population also declines; increased need for specialised health services for the elderly; [4] in migration may lead to: over-crowding youthful population; high birth rates; low death rates; need for education services; crèches; child-care etc. [4]
Answer the following questions… • Describe the nature and explain the implications of exponential growth in human populations. • Outline the factors that affect birth and death rates. • Discuss the use of models in predicting the growth of human populations. Tip: Use the key words on the wall to help you include all the necessary information.
