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Island Hopping

Strategy devised by General MacArthur and Admiral Nimitz Objective : Attack strategic Islands – build airstrips, cut enemy supplies. By-pass strong Japanese positions- get to Japan. Island Hopping. Back to the Philippines. Battle of Leyte Gulf: disaster for Japan; largest air & naval battle

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Island Hopping

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  1. Strategy devised by General MacArthur and Admiral Nimitz Objective: Attack strategic Islands – build airstrips, cut enemy supplies.By-pass strong Japanese positions- get to Japan. Island Hopping

  2. Back to the Philippines Battle of Leyte Gulf: disaster for Japan; largest air & naval battle • New tactic – KAMIKAZE • Allows US to re-conquer the Philippines January – August 1945 • Americans fight the Japanese for the island of Luzon; Manila is re-captured in March- 100,000 Filipino civilians killed. • US: 10,000 killed; 36,000 wounded - Japan: 230,000 killed wounded or MIA

  3. Iwo Jima Feb 1945 - Battle of Iwo Jima • Small volcanic island adjacent to Japan • Critical as base - planes can reach Japan • Met w/FIERCE resistance – tunnels/caves • 6,000 marines die; of 20,700 Japanese, approx 1,000 taken prisoner • Mount Suribachi

  4. Okinawa – April 1945 • Last island to be seized • Ferocious fighting – heavy casualties on both sides • B June 1945: • 7,600 Americans • 110,000 Japanese • Invasion of Japan?

  5. The Manhattan Project (1942-45) • J. Robert Oppenheimer: research director of project • July 16, 1945- A-bomb tested in New Mexico desert – Los Alamos – Trinity Test • July 26, 1945- Potsdam Declaration: warning sent to Japan

  6. Hiroshima and Nagasaki • Pres. Truman: orders military to drop 2 atomic bombs on Japan Hiroshima • August 6, 1945- 9:15am Paul Tibbits & Enola Gay drop bomb on Hiroshima, major military center – • 4.5 ton bomb: 75,000 dead- 70,000 injured • Soviet Union declares war on Japan- occupy northern Korea.

  7. Hiroshima in Ruins

  8. September 2, 1945: Japan officially surrenders. World War II ends. US begins occupation of Japan. V-J Day

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