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Understanding Cellular Structures and Energy Dynamics: A Biophysics Perspective

This comprehensive exploration delves into the intricate world of cells, focusing on their internal anatomy, organelles like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, and energy transduction processes. We examine the fundamental physical laws governing life, the conflict of high-quality energy intake against low-quality energy output, and the biochemical building blocks such as proteins, nucleotides, and lipids. By highlighting key cellular processes like endocytosis and ATP production, this overview provides insights into the vital functions that sustain life at the microscopic level.

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Understanding Cellular Structures and Energy Dynamics: A Biophysics Perspective

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  1. What’s Inside Cells Incompatibility Reconcilation Ingest High quality energy Give off low quality energy • Physical Law • Living World • Free energy transduction Biophysics deals with Physical Object 등장인물 (dramatis personae)

  2. Internal Anatomy Eukaryotes Larger (10 m) Organelle Nucleus Prokaryote

  3. 원핵생물진핵생물

  4. Cell

  5. Fluorescent Cell-Cytoskeleton

  6. Mitochondria 세포내 발전소 ATP생성

  7. Lipid Bilayer, phospholipids

  8. 생체막을 가진 Organelles Mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Choloroplasts Vacuoles Passive Ion Channel Active Sodium-Potassium Pump

  9. Endoplasmic Reticulum http://www.microscopy.fsu.edu/cells/endoplasmicreticulum/endoplasmicreticulum.html 세포내 물질을 생산, 처리, 전달 (세포의 상하수도) Golgi apparatus – modification, sorting, packaging

  10. Lysosome Endocytosis 두 불필요한 물질을 분해, 세포밖으로 수송. Endocytosis에 의해 생겨남. 생체막 산성 pH

  11. 세포안의 분자들 • Atoms • Body consists of mostly … • C,H,O,N,P,S • Other Atoms (Ions) • Cl, Cl- • Na,Na+ • 2. Small Molecules • inorganic • H2O (water) • H3PO4 -> H3PO4^(2-) + 2개의 H+ • organic- ring shape (rigid fixed shape) • Sugars- glucose, ribose, sucrose • Nucleotides (핵산) • DNA bases (pyrimidines:cytosine and thymine-1ring, • purines: guanine,adenine-2rings) • RNA bases (uracil instead of thymine) • Aminoacids, Fatty Acids • 3. Medium and Big Molecules • Protein • RNA • DNA • Lipids • polysaccharides

  12. 뉴클레오타이드 인산, 당, 염기 염기: 퓨린– 피리미딘 (A,G – T,C)

  13. ATP-ADP

  14. Polypeptide

  15. Aminoacids

  16. 단백질접기

  17. DNA Watson Crick Franklin

  18. DNAcondensation

  19. DNA supercoil동영상

  20. DNA 의비정규적 형태 A B Z

  21. Supercoiled DNA

  22. FromRNA to Protein Synthesis

  23. Repressor protein

  24. RNA transcription

  25. Ribosome – translation 새로 생겨난 단백질

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