1 / 44

BMDS 6340

BMDS 6340. Business Research & Statistics Summer 2009. Welcome to class. Where is your favorite place to EAT???. The PERFECT Experience!!. The WORST Experience!!. I’m sorry, I have NO idea how that GUM got in your salad!!!!!!!!. Business Research “ IS”. A Plan, A Purpose,

juro
Download Presentation

BMDS 6340

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. BMDS 6340 Business Research & Statistics Summer 2009

  2. Welcome to class...

  3. Where is your favorite place to EAT???

  4. The PERFECT Experience!!

  5. The WORST Experience!! I’m sorry, I have NO idea how that GUM got in your salad!!!!!!!!

  6. Business Research “IS” • APlan, • A Purpose, • And A Process

  7. Business ResearchPlan, Purpose & Process • Plan - is business research??? • Purpose – do organizations participate in business research??? • Process – do organizations conduct efficient and effective research??? What Why How

  8. Business ResearchIS A PLAN • Plan - is business research??? • Systematic & Controlled Study • Investigates “Interests, Opinions & Behaviors” • Internal and External Analysis What

  9. Business ResearchHAS A PURPOSE • Purpose – do organizations participate in business research??? • Enhances the Decision Making Process Why

  10. Business ResearchIS A Process • Process – do organizations conduct effective and efficient business research??? How

  11. Business ResearchA Six-Step Process • Step 1 – Determine Informational Needs • Step 2 – Determine Sample Design • Step 3 – Develop Sampling Instrument • Step 4 – Collect Data • Step 5 – Process the Data • Step 6 – Generate a Report

  12. Step 1 – Determine Informational Needs • Determine the Population,Elements and Variables needed. • Determine the Source of Information • Primary vs. Secondary • Determine the Focus of the Study • External vs. Internal

  13. Step 2 – Determine Sample Design • Determine the Sample Size – “n” • Population Size • Expected Standard Deviation • Determine the Sampling Method • Probabilistic vs. Non-probabilistic

  14. Step 3 – Develop Sampling Instrument • Type of Instrument • Phone, Mail, Face to Face, Internet • Resources • Money, People, Time • Structured vs. Unstructured • Disguised vs. Undisguised • Artificial Environment vs. Natural Environment

  15. Step 4, Step 5, & Step 6 • Step 4 – Collect Data • Implement Research Design • Step 5 – Process the Data • “Statistics” • Step 6 – Generate a Report • Summarizes Research Results and formulates a conclusion with limitations

  16. Quality Decision Making“IS”Based on Research Results

  17. Decision MakingA Six-Step Process • Step 1 – Recognize a Decision Situation • Step 2 – Define the Problem • Step 3 – Identify Alternatives • Step 4 – Evaluate Alternatives • Step 5 – Make a Decision • Step 6 – Implement & Modify

  18. Six steps of hypothesis testing Step 1 • Determine the “Null” and “Alternative” Hypothesis • H0: • H1: • This will differ based on type of test statistic

  19. SIX STEPS OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING Step 2 • Illustrate and Identify Test Statistic • Normal Distribution – Z Tests or T Tests • ANOVA – F Tests • Chi-Square – X2 Tests • NOTE: If the sample size is large (>30) you know the population mean (µ) and the standard deviation (sigma ∂) you use the Z test; If not, use the t-test

  20. SIX STEPS OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING Step 3 • Identify: • 1- sample size “n” • 2 – alpha’s • Sigma or standard deviation • 3 – degrees of freedom

  21. SIX STEPS OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING Step 4 • State the Critical Values and Decision Rules • Fail to Reject H0 if: • Reject H0 if:

  22. SIX STEPS OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING Step 5 • Calculate Test Statistic • Normal Distribution – Z Tests or T Tests • ANOVA – F Tests • Chi-Square – X2 Tests

  23. SIX STEPS OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING Step 6 • Make Decision • _____ Fail to Reject H0 • _____ Reject H0 • Make recommendation based on decision

  24. Type I & Type II Error beta alpha

  25. Z-test & T-test Hypotheses • Three types of Hypothesis • H0 ≤ (null is less than or equal to) • H0 ≥ (null is greater than or equal to) • H0 = (two-tailed test)

  26. Chi Square • Test of Independence • H0: Variable 1 “is independent” of Variable 2 • H1: Variable 1 “is not independent” of Variable 2 • Test of Goodness of Fit (how well does assumption fit reality) • H0: V1=x, V2=x, V3=x, • H1: At least one of the above is incorrect

  27. ANOVA • Differences in Means • H0: µ1= µ2= µ3=….. µk= • H1: At least one of the above is different

  28. Student profile & Course guidelines • Blackboard Course Site • Assignments • Complete Student Profile • Complete Course Guidelines

  29. Textbooks & assignments • Readings are due the date they are assigned. • For example: Text chapters 1-4 should be read before attending class on May 26, 2009 • SPSS Workbook Chapter 1 and related exercises should be read and completed before attending class on May 26, 2009 • You can access the most current version of SPSS from the comfort of your home via the VPN if you have contacted the Help Desk and arranged to have SPSS access installed on your laptop.

  30. Gradebook components • Participation (200 points) • Team Assignments (900 points) • Purpose Statement • Literature Review Assignment • Methodology Assignment • Research Report & Presentation • Exam #1 (400 points) • In class, hypothesis testing problems • Exam #2 (200 points) • Computer-based through Blackboard; matching & short answer problems • Peer Evaluation (200 points)

  31. Team Assignments • Turnitin and Paper Copy of all team assignments • Team meetings every week last hour of class • Team assignments are progressive • Purpose statement assignment is foundation • Literature review assignment builds on purpose statement • Methodology assignment builds on purpose statement & literature review assignment • Team research report & presentation are culmination of purpose statement, literature review and methodology assignments

  32. Grading philosophy • A = Completion of all work in a timely, excellent manner, with attention beyond the course requirements • B = Completion of all work in a timely and approved manner but with room for improvement • C = Incomplete work or work that is careless or imprecise – cause for concern • F = Unacceptable work

  33. Purpose Statement • Each group will prepare a one-page, single-spaced (double-space between paragraphs) document which includes the following sections: • Background of the study: this is an introduction to the problem being researched and addresses why the study should be conducted. Who is it of interest to? Who does it impact? • Significance of the study: why is this study important to future researchers? Practitioners? Policymakers?

  34. Purpose Statement • Purpose Statement: The purpose of this study is to…. • this is a one-sentence statement that clearly and succinctly drives the study. It includes independent and dependent variables and, if stated properly, tells whether the study is exploratory, reporting, descriptive, or predictive. It should also indicate the methodology (quantitative, qualitative or mixed) and form of analysis (Chi Square, ANOVA, Correlation, Regression Analysis) • The purpose statement can be further broken down into hypotheses if your study is quantitative or mixed methodology

  35. Literature review • Using the graded purpose statement assignment previously turned in, each group will prepare a lit review using no less than five scholarly sources for each variable & including a minimum of 1 paraphrased and 1 quoted citation from each source using APA 5th Edition guidelines. • The purpose of the literature review is to discuss the variables and report any related research for the most recent 5 years. Some literature reviews also include a historical section, if appropriate and related to the study.

  36. Literature review • A well-constructed literature review conveys the authors ability to evaluate, synthesize and integrate multiple sources of information in a manner which supports and explains the components of the purpose statement. • When reviewing research articles, the following questions should be addressed: • What is the purpose of the study? • What was the research methodology & design? • What was the sample design (i.e. participants, etc.) • What were the key results? • What were the key conclusions? • How does it relate to your study?

  37. Methodology • The methodology section describes, in detail, how the study was conducted. It should be so well-written that another researcher, unfamiliar with the study, could replicate what you have done. Components of the methodology include: • Research Design or Approach: Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methodology • Participants (or secondary data source if applicable) • Data Collection Procedures (survey, interview, document analysis, etc.) • Protection of Human Subjects & Informed Consent • Data Analysis (analytical techniques used to derive descriptive and inferential statistics)

  38. results • Descriptive Statistics • These are typically demographic in nature (e.g. gender, ethnicity, age, education level, etc.) • These are usually best presented in chart or graph form (e.g. pie charts, histograms, bar charts) • Each chart or graph is preceded by a narrative paragraph identifying what is being presented in the chart or graph

  39. Results (cont’d) • Inferential Statistics • This is where you apply the six steps of hypothesis testing • For the purposes of this course you may choose to use • Chi Square Test of Independence • Chi Square Goodness of Fit • ANOVA • The results section presents only facts, not interpretations • Hint: Use your hypotheses as subheadings to present your results in an orderly fashion

  40. Discussion & Conclusions • In this section the researcher has the opportunity to apply the previous literature review, experience, and personal expertise to the interpretation of the results • What does the result tell you? • How is this useful? • What can you conclude from this result?

  41. Recommendations • In this section you make recommendations for three groups: • Future Researchers – how can your study be expanded, changed, conducted differently to support or expand your findings? • Practitioners – depending on the nature of your study, what recommendations would you make to CEOs, politicians, administrators? • Policymakers – depending again on the nature of your study and who sets policy in the subject area, what recommendations would you make for policymakers?

  42. Final Project & presentation • The final product is for business, not academia • The final product should get you a promotion, raise, or new job • Use tables, graphs, charts, and graphics! For example, the economy might be represented with a picture of a stack of currency! • Presentation is 99% of the sale – how many of you go out and intentionally by ugly or dull clothing?

  43. Final Project & presentation • Dress professionally! • Don’t read from slides! • Look at your audience! • Don’t rock the baby • Speak up!

  44. Questions? Comments? Cheap shots?

More Related