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Questions. Geriatric disorders Organic mental diseases (P.Rajna). Characteristic for delirium mostly reversible slow gradual progression energetic disturbance of consciousness is typical high acute – subacute mortality focal brain lesion in the background

juliana-ortiz
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  1. Questions Geriatric disorders Organic mental diseases (P.Rajna)

  2. Characteristic for delirium • mostly reversible • slow gradual progression • energetic disturbance of consciousness is typical • high acute – subacute mortality • focal brain lesion in the background • a./ all b./ 1-3-5 c./ 1-2-4 d./ 1-3-4 e./ 2-3-5 • Therapy of delirium • causal if possible • antidelirant and antipsychotic agents • brain metabolic enhancers • aspecific intensive therapy • symptomatic if necessary • a./ all b./ 1-2-4 c./ 1-3-5 d./ 2-4-5 e./ 2-3-5 • Effective in therapy of cognitive symptoms of dementia • cholinesterase inhibitors • monoamine oxydase – A inhibitors • monoamine oxydase – B inhibitors • megadosis of vitamine C • tocoferol • a./ all b./ 1-2-5 c./ 1-3-5 d./ 1-4-5 e./ 2-4-5 • Frontal lobe syndrome • apathy • obsessive behaviour • gnostic disorders • ataxia • deficits in motivation • a./ all b./ 1-3-5 c./ 1-4-5 d./ 2-3-4 e./ 2-3-5 • Non-pharmacological therapies of dementia • memory training • hypnosis • reality orientation • caretakers’ programme • bright light therapy • a./ all b./ 1-3-5 c./ 1-3-4 d./ 2-3-4 e./ 2-3-5

  3. Changes of neurotransmitter activity in aging process • Acetylcholin  • Norepinephrin  • GABA  • MAO-A  • MAO-B  • a./ all b./ 1-2-3-4 c./ 1-2-4-5 d./ 2-3-4-5 e./ 1-3-4-5 • Compensatory processes in the aging of neurons • Redundancy • Selective apoptosis • Increase of number of neurons • Functional plasticity (e.g. dendritic) • Regeneration (myelinic) • a./ all b./ 1-2-4 c./ 1-3-5 d./ 1-4-5 e./ 2-3-5 • Indirect signs of mental deterioration • Complicated answers • Perseveration • Fatique • Contradictory statements • Head turning sign • a./ all b./ 1-2-3-4 c./ 1-3-4-5 d./ 2-3-4-5 e./ 1-2-3-5 • Possibilities for achievement of optimal amount of stimuli • Minimalization of the drug treatment • Structured daily mental exercise • Structured daily physical exercise • Organised connection with persons of same age • Slight stimulants • a./ all b./ 1-2-3-4 c./ 2-3-4-5 d./ 1-3-4-5 e./ 1-2-4-5 • Characteristic for Korsakoff syndrome delusion • disorientation • confabulation • moria (inadequate cheerfulness) lesion of corpora mamillaria • a./ all b./ 1-2-3-4 c./ 1-3-4-5 d./ 1-2-4-5 e./ 2-3-4-5

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